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100
The Parthenon was dedicated to which goddess?
Athena
100
Who was the Greek god of the sky and heavens?
Zeus
100
What conqueror took over all of Greece in the 330’s BC?
Alexander the Great
100
What ancient Greek city-state was a military city with one of the strongest armies in Greece?
Sparta
100
In what Greek city-state did citizens make great contributions in arts, literature, philosophy and science; it was Greece’s cultural center.
Athens
200
What means “top city,” or “high city?” it was a hilltop fortress.
the acropolis
200
In Greek plays who stood on the side and chanted the story for the audience?
the chorus
200
Where was the idea of democracy born? How are people ruled in a democracy?
Democracy was born in ancient Athens. In a democracy people rule themselves.
200
Who was the leader of Athens during its Golden Age?
Pericles
200
In ancient Greece what was a political unit made up of a city and all the surrounding lands.
a city-state
300
What great sculptor was in charge of rebuilding the Parthenon? He also sculpted the statue of Athena.
Phidias
300
What names were given to thinkers who wanted to figure out how people could be happy? Name the three ancient Greek thinkers who are still studied today.
Philosophers. Socrates, Plato & Aristotle
300
Name 2 ways the Greeks used olive trees.
They used olive oil for lighting. They used olive branches to crown winners in the Olympics.
300
What was the name of the marketplace in ancient Athens?
the agora
300
What were two situations in ancient Athens that were not very democratic?
1. Women could not participate in the government. 2. Slavery was permitted.
400
The Peloponnesian War was fought between what 2 city-states? Who won the war? What was Greece like after this war was over?
It was fought between Athens and Sparta. Sparta won. It left Greece in shambles.
400
What did Alexander spread throughout his empire? What word is used to describe this?
He spread Greek culture throughout his empire. Hellenistic means Greek-like.
400
What are the 2 triangular ends of the roof on the Parthenon called? What scenes are illustrated on these two parts of the Parthenon?
They are called pediments. The eastern end depicted the birth of Athena from Zeus's head. The western end showed a struggle between Athena and Poseidon.
400
Explain why the ancient Greeks invented gods and goddesses.
They invented them as a way to explain natural events that they did not understand
400
What Greek poet wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey? Explain what either the Iliad or the Odyssey was about.
Homer wrote both poems. Iliad - It was about the Greeks attacking Troy in the Trojan War. Odyssey - It was about the adventures of Odysseus as he tried to get home for 10 years after the Trojan War.
500
Name and describe the 3 kinds of columns used in Greek architecture.
Doric - It is the simplest of the columns; it has a plain capital. Ionic - Its capital resembles rams horns. Corinthian - It is the most ornate column. Its capital is covered with leaves and flowers.
500
Explain how the war against Persia led to Athens’ Golden Age.
It increased their confidence and made them realize that they were capable of great achievements.
500
Explain how geographical characteristics contributed to the formation of separate Greek city-states.
The rugged mountains, (the TERRAIN OF GREECE) islands, peninsulas and isolated valleys separated the groups of people. So, the city-states were isolated from each other.
500
According to the Greek myth we read and discussed, how did Rhea trick Cronus?
Rhea gave Cronus a rock wrapped in a blanket. He ate it, thinking it was the baby Zeus.
500
What is the belief in many gods called? Name and describe 5 Greek gods or goddesses.
Polytheism Answers will vary.