MEDITERRANEAN COLONISERS
At the start of Ancient History, who lived in the Iberian Peninsula?
The Celts and Iberians (Celtiberians)
What important civilisation came from the Italian Peninsula?
The Romans.
How did the Romans call the Iberian Peninsula?
Hispania.
Where did the Romans conquer other lands apart from Hispania?
They conquered also many lands in Europe, Africa and Asia.
Who was Hannibal?
Hannibal was a Carthaginian general.
What's the name of the three civilisations that appeared in the Iberian Peninsula? What were they looking for?
The three civilisations were: greeks, phoenicians and carthaginians.
The Romans and ___________________ were rivals.
Carthaginians.
The Romans changed how people of the Iberian Peninsula lived. What are these changes called? What two main things did they change?
These changes were called Romanisation. They changed two main things: buildings and culture.
What were all the lands controlled by the Romans called? Who was it ruled by?
All of these lands together were called the Roman Empire. It was ruled by the Roman Emperor.
Who was Viriato? When was he killed?
Viriato was the leader of the Lusitanians. He was killed in 139 B.C.
In which century appeared three new civilisations in the Iberian Peninsula?
In the 10th century B.C.
Who was an important leader of the Carthaginians? What city did he attack in 219 B.C.?
Hannibal, a Carthaginian general, attacked Saguntum in 219 B. C.
What was society divided into in Hispania?
Society was divided into free people and slaves.
People who lived outside the Roman Empire were called ____________________. When did they start to invade the empire?
People who lived outside the Roman Empire were called barbarians.
They started to invade the empire in the 3rd century A.D.
Who was Scipio Aemlillianus? What did he do? When?
Scipio Aemillianus was a Roman general who attaked Numantia in 134 B.C. There was a siege.
What changes did the colonisers introduce?
They introduced:
New products, such as wine and olive oil.
Writing.
The use of coins for trade.
What year did the Romans invade the Iberian Peninsula?
When did the Roman conquest end?
The Romans invade the Iberian Peninsula in 218 B. C.
The Roman conquest ended in 19 B.C.
What did Romans build to connect the cities to one another? Say the english and roman name.
The roads were called vias.
How long did Romans and barbarians fight? What year did the barbarians conquer the empire?
The Romans fought against the barbarians for more than 200 years.
In 476 A. D., the barbarians conquered the empire.
Name three important people who were born in Hispania and their jobs.
Seneca was an important thinker and philosopher.
Trajan and Hadrian were Roman Emperors.
Where did the colonisers come from? Where did they establish colonies? Name two colonies of each of them.
Greeks: came from Greece. They established colonies on the north-eastern coast. Colonies: Rhode, Emporion.
Carthaginians: came from North Africa. They established colonies in the east of the peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Colonies: Ebussus, Carthago Nova.
Phoenicians: came from Asia. They established colonies on the southern coast. Colonies: Gades, Malaca, Sexi, Abdera.
Tell everything you know that happened between the Romans and Celtiberians.
They fought different wars for almost 200 years.
Viriato was the leader of the Lusitanians, a Celtiberian tribe. Viriato fought against the Romans. He won some victories but he was killed in 139 B.C.
Numantia was a Celtiberian city. In 134 B.C. a Roman general called Scipio Aemilianus attacked Numantia. There was a siege. Scipio won and took control of the city.
Name at least three changes in buildings and three in culture.
Buildings: aqueducts, temples, theatres, roads (vias), bridges.
Culture: Latin, Christianity, schools, mosaics.
Who was the last emperor of the Roman Empire? Who and when removed him? Say what the Fall of the Roman Empire meant to Ancient History.
The last emperor of the Roman Empire was Romulus Augustus. In 476 A.D., he was removed by the barbarians.
This was the fall of the Roman Empire and the end of Ancient history.
Do you remember the names of our Phoenician, Greek and Carthaginian friends?
The Phoenician woman was Yasha.
The Greek woman was Calliope.
The Carthaginian man was Asdrubal.