Geography
Name the continent India is located on?
Asia
Where did the very first human settlements develop in ancient India?
Indus river plains
The five castes or varnas found in the Vedas are the Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, but this caste was not in there and are mistreated in India. Name the 5th caste.
Untouchables/Dalit
Trade was one of the main ways Buddhism spread to the world from India.
TRUE OR FALSE
True
During ancient times this Empire were the first to unite India under one rule. Fighting for power after this empire ended led to many new kingdoms forming.
Mauryan
Describe two reasons why the rivers are where most early Indians settled:
fertile land
fresh water
trade/transportation route
irrigation
fishing
The Indus River Valley early civilizations are believed to have moved due to climate change (rivers tributaries dried up). TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Name the group of people who invaded India and began the Hindu religion?
Aryans
Who was Siddhartha Gautama?
The prince who became the Buddha and started the Buddhist religion.
Before the Gupta Empire united India under their rule civil war raged. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE
The Ganges River, Brahmaputra River, and the Indus River all began from this mountain chain?
Himalayas
The two biggest settlements that were part of the Indus Valley Civilizations were Mohenjo Daro and ____________.
Harappa
Name the sacred teachings/book of Hinduism and the language it is written in.
Vedas
Sanskrit
A Buddhist's goal is to reach ______________, which is the highest happiness that comes from gaining enlightenment (deep spiritual truth/knowledge).
Nirvana
Chandragupta Maurya was harsh at first and used his _______________ to force his rule, as well as torture to be sure no one threatened his power as the central government ruler.
large army
What natural weather event affects India every summer with heavy rains
Monsoons
The Aryans were believed to be the ones who ended the Indus Valley civilizations by conquering them. Where were they from?
Central Asia by Caspian Sea
Hindus also believe that acquiring good karma is needed to reach ______________. What is Karma?
Moksha
Karma is when one's actions in lives affect their future in this life or the next life.
Who unified India under Buddhism Chandragupta Mauryan or his grandson Ashoka? Why did this happen?
Ashoka saw so much death on the battlefield
The Gupta Empire was considered the Golden Age since the people were happy, prosperous and able to achieve. Name two achievements or advances created during the Golden Age of the Gupta empire. Be specific!
Universities like Nalanda promoted learning which encouraged people to discover and advance
Math and the use of the number zero and the decimal system. All this helped with trade and business.
Literature like the Puranas a collection of Hindu legends, Mahabharata a poem about Hindu values with the Bhagavid Gita included in the poem. This shows they had the time and support to be creative but also finally recorded beloved ancient texts like the Vedas.
Painting like the Ajanta cave murals done in red purple and green that had scenes of Buddhist values. The artists had time and support to be creative and many of the painted scenes showed how well they lived.
Sculpture made of stone, woods, bronze, and clay and showed the human form simply and gracefully and were usually of the Buddha or Hindu gods. Shows they had the time and resources to make.
Metalwork highly skilled knew how to make iron, and engraved gold and copper coins honoring their rulers.
Roads were built with care and were made of hard packed dirt and were smooth and level with ditches along the side to prevent flooding. Thet promoted trade within the empire and faraway places like China.
India is considered a _________________ since
it is a huge landmass that is somewhat separated from the rest of the continent by natural physical feature barriers like the ____________________.
Subcontinent
Himlayas
Mohenjo Daro was a well-planned city. Name two features of the city.
the layout of the city into blocks of streets.
Two story housing
Public bath, wells and a sewer system.
They also had a citadel for protection.
Name the holy river in India where many Hindus make a pilgrimage to reach Moksha/Samsara. What is the rivers name and what is Moksha?
Ganges
This is when the continuous cycle of birth, death, and rebirth is stopped when their soul is united with Brahman.
The ___________________ is the morals Buddhists should live their lives by, which belief in Hinduism is similar since it guides how they live by fulfilling their duty/role in life?
Eightfold Path
Dharma
Name two ways the Gupta Empires rule was different than the Mauryan Empires rule?
Hindu
Provinces
Governors and towns made their own decisions
Many achievements/ Golden Age