Hinduism
Where can the origin of Hinduism be traced back to?
The Indo-Aryans followed a religion called Brahminism, and recorded ideas in a group of texts called the Vedas. The Vedas influenced early Hinduism
Siddhartha Gautama. Before becoming the Buddha, he was a wealthy prince.
How is a person's caste determined?
A person's caste is determined by birth, based on their family lineage, wealth, and job.
Who was Gandhi?
He was a civil rights activist in India, whose nonviolence resistance led to a successful campaign for India's independence from Great Britain
Why do historians know so little about the Indus Valley Civilization?
Because of the inability to translate the Indus Valley Script
What type of religion is Hinduism?
Monotheistic/ Polytheistic/Neither?
Hinduism can be seen as monotheistic because they believe in a single god called Brahman.
It can also be seen as polytheistic because the Brahman appears in a variety of Hindu gods
What type of religion is Buddhism?
Monotheistic/ Polytheistic/Neither?
Buddhists do not believe nor worship any gods.
What are the five levels of the caste system? (From top to bottom)
Brahmin, Kshatriyas, Vaisya, Sudra, and Dalit
Who was Ashoka?
He was one of the emperors of the Mauryan Empire.
What are two achievements of Ancient India's?
Mathematics (Pi), Medicine, Stupas, Astronomy, Chess, Elevated Roads, Sanskrit, Art, Metal Coins
What is the ultimate goal for Hindus?
Hindus ultimately want to escape the cycle of reincarnation, and when that occurs they reach a new state of being known as moksha.
What is the ultimate goal of Buddhists?
The ultimate goal for buddhists is to reach nirvana, which is a state of perfect happiness and peace, and end the cycle of reincarnation.
What are the social classes of the caste system called? (Think about our vocabulary terms)
Varnas
Why was the Gupta Empire called the "Golden Age?"
Because of their achievements in math, literature, art, medicine, science, and metallurgy.
Identify two advantages of the geography for the people of the ancient Indus Valley.
1. Flooding of the rivers
2. Fertile soil
3. Freshwater sources from the rivers
4. Mountains could protect the people from invaders
What are two similarities between Buddhism and Hinduism?
Both believe in karma and reincarnation.
The state of moksha is very similar to the state of nirvana.
Both developed in India.
What are two differences between Hinduism and Buddhism?
One difference is that Buddhism is nontheistic, while Hinduism can be seen as monotheistic or polytheistic.
Hindus follow the caste system, while Buddhists do not.
What was another name for the Dalit's and why were they called this?
The Dalits were often called the "untouchables" due to the wrongful claim they were sinful in their past lives, and because they were forced to the jobs that others considered dirty and impure.
What impact did Gandhi have on the people of India?
He transformed India's struggle for independence by mobilizing millions through nonviolent civil disobedience.
Identify two disadvantages of the geography for the people of the ancient Indus Valley .
Mountains could isolate the people, making trading harder
Monsoons
Flooding of the Rivers
The ultimate goal for Hindus is to reach moksha, which occurs when a person's atman and Brahman are reunited. For this to happen, a person must escape the cycle of reincarnation by having good karma.
To end one's suffering, one must let go of their selfish desires. To do this one must follow the 8-step approach, Eightfold Path.
Those in lower castes still face discrimination and hate against them. People still are discriminated at work (earning less money than others), may be denied access to education, or have no running water in their communities.
How did Ashoka change during his reign, and what impact did this have on the Mauryan Empire?
His military campaigns brought great wealth and power to the empire, but also led to many deaths of his people. He eventually realized the impact he had and converted to Buddhism, and focused on improving society (like building universities and hospitals)
What features did Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa have that can be seen as "modern" to us today?
These cities had a state-of-the-art drainage system, which allowed for homes to have baths and toilets.
These cities were organized into a grid patterns.
Many buildings had an early form of AC