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Development & Change
General
100
A primate center that emerged in a "no-man's" land?
What is Monte Alban?
100
List three sacred landscape features
What are mountains, springs, and caves?
100
What is conspicuous consumption? Give an example in Mesoamerica?
What is a flashy show of your wealth and power? large pyramid of Sun at Teotihuacan
100
List two characteristics of a chiefdom.
What is social ranking along descent lines and chiefs often redistribute goods to secondary sites?
100

List four Mesoamerican traits

What are ballgame, human sacrifice, animism, 260-day ritual calendar and 365 day solar calendar...

200
The first "capital" of the Olmec? Where was it located (inland or near coast)?
What is San Lorenzo? Inland
200
What is a shaman? Describes the long-term importance of shamanism in Mesoamerica.
What is a spiritual guide that interacts with natural elements and/or supernatural forces on behalf of others? Shamans become rulers in later periods.
200
Define direct historical approach. Is it useful in Mesoamerica? Why?
What is working from present back through time to investigate the significance of collected data?
200
List three characteristics of the Paleoindian period.
What is mobile, hunted megafauna, and lived in micro-bands?
300
This site was a basalt workshop for the Olmec.
What is Llano de Jicaro?
300
What does the Earth Monster represent when a figure is placed inside its open mouth?
What is the entrance to the underworld?
300
What culture is often referred to as the Mother Culture? What evidence supports this idea? What evidence counters it? Give 3 examples.
What is (1) Pro: Ballgame “invented” by Olmec? Con: earlier ball court found (Paso de la Amada, Chiapas- 1400BCE)? (2) Pro: San Lorenzo had hierarchical settlement system that integrated settlement? Con: every major chiefly center exhibited settlement hierarchy? (3) Pro:Olmec had extensive trade networks that surpassed other cultures? Con: No quantitative data to support /were Olmec in charge?
300
List two reasons for the decline of Teotihuacan.
What are external competition from other large sites and lower agricultural yields due to cooler climate?
300
Give an example of a female depicted in the Mesoamerican record from the Formative or Early Classic periods?
What is El Rey?
400
What is the name of the site in Guatemala where Teotihuacan may have installed a puppet king and to what culture group does the site represent ?
What is Tikal?
400
What is termination ritual? Why did Mesoamericans do it? Give an example.
What is a reitual in which people deliberately destroyed or mutilated a building or monument? To keep spirit or essence of, for example, a ruler from roaming.
400
What are the key sociopolitical, subsistence, and economic changes between the Archaic and Formative periods?
What is .......
400
How is the Temple of Quetzcoatl different from Teotihuacan's two other major monuments?
What is dedicated to "cult" of feathered serpent representing warfare, over 200 sacrificial victims in building, and built in enclosed cuidadela?
500
What is a barrio? Describe why the "discovery" of barrios at Teotihuacan is important? What evidence to we have to support the existence of barrios?
What is ...
500
Discuss the common trait of Mesoamerica (hint: subsistence). Why was it so important? Give a chronological explanation of how and why it became so integral to the Mesoamerica lifeway.
What is maize?
500
What are 4 characteristics of Mesoamerican States?
What are: (1) Social, administrative, and site hierarchies (2) ability to mobilize labor to build and maintain public architecture (3)non-farming specialists (food surplus) such as kings, priests, or artisans supported by agriculturalists (4)elaborate rituals, art, calendars and writing used to facilitate and legitimize elite status, e.g. celebrate great events in elite lives (5)control of trade (resources)