Main Idea
The main idea of this passage is...
"Yet, the plains still held promise. In the spring, both of the rivers flooded, bringing precious water to the land. Perhaps farms could be successful there.
Driven by the need to grow food, people moved out of the foothills and onto the plains. This region became known as Sumer (SOO-mer), and its people, the Sumerians."
What is
"Driven by the need to grow food, people moved out of the foothills and onto the plains."
Eventually villages turned into...
What is city-states?
On Map #1 these two rivers surround the city of Kish and Ur...
What is the Tigris and Euphrates?
The Fertile Crescent is a good area for growing crops because of these 2 physical features...
What is the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
fine particles of rocks
What is silt?
The main idea of this passage is...
"Over time, the Sumerians learned other ways to control the supply of water. They dug canals to shape the paths the water flowed. They also constructed dams along the river to block the water and force it to collect in pools they had built so that they could store the water for later use."
What is
"Over time, the Sumerians learned other ways to control the supply of water."
There was a food shortage in the foothills, so the Mesopotamians did this...
What is move to the south in the plains?
On map #1 Catal Hoyuk is separated from the other civilizations by this physical feature...
What is the Taurus Mountains?
Rivers always flow in this direction...(_____stream)
What is downstream?
a strong disagreement
What is a dispute?
The main idea of this passage is...
"Gradually, villages came to depend on one another to build and maintain this complex irrigation system. People who lived in different villages may have worked together to clear the silt from the canals to keep them open. Workers may have scooped water from one reservoir into another to ensure that water levels were balanced."
What is
"Gradually, villages came to depend on one another to build and maintain this complex irrigation system."
The Mesopotamians struggled with flooding seasons and hot and dry seasons. To prevent their fields from flooding they created this...
What is a levee?
On Map #2, Kish, Ur, Lagash, and Umma are considered this type of city...
What is a Sumerian city-state?
Flat plains were good for farming, but farmers had to worry about this happening...
What is flooding?
a wall of earth built to prevent a river from flooding its banks...
What is a levee?
The main idea of this passage is...
"As Sumerian cities grew, they fought over the right to use more water. Sometimes, people in cities located upriver (closer to where the river begins), built new canals, or blocked other cities' canals. In this way, they kept water from reaching the cities that were downriver (farther from where the river begins). Disputes over water became so intense that they often led to bloodshed."
What is
"As Sumerian cities grew, they fought over the right to use more water."
The complex irrigation systems that were built stretched throughout many communities and would often clog with silt. To solve this issue they...
What is worked with the other communities to maintain these irrigation systems?
On Map #2, Jericho and Jarmo are known as...
The creation of this farming technique allowed for fields to receive the water needed to grow...
What is irrigation?
What is Mesopotamia?
The Main idea of this passage is...
"These independent city-states often fought with one another. To defend themselves, the Sumerians built walls and dug moats around their cities. By 3000 B.C.E., the solutions to the challenges faced by the Sumerians had transformed Sumerian farming villages into walled city-states."
What is
"By 3000 B.C.E., the solutions to the challenges faced by the Sumerians had transformed Sumerian farming villages into walled city-states."
Communities started to fight with each other over water use. To solve this problem they...
What is built walls around their cities and dug moats in order to keep enemies out?
On Map #2, this physical feature lies northeast of the Fertile Crescent...
What is the Zagros Mountains?
The plains were known for this kind of weather...(2 types)
What is dry/hot seasons with little rain, and flood seasons?
an early city that was like a small, independent country with its own laws and government...
What is a city-state?