Rome's 1st/ 2nd Period of Expansion
Who did Rome FIRST overthrow to become a republic?
The Etruscan King
Why were farmers and laborers upset by the rising enslaved people being brought to Rome?
To fund their armies, citizens had to pay money to the government known as_____
Taxes
Roman art was especially influenced by what other country?
Greece
Ancient Rome spoke this language
Latin
What is the first area Rome conquered?
The Italian Peninsula
Who killed Julius Caesar?
The senate stabbed Caesar
The inability to peacefully transfer power from one emperor to another caused ________
Political Instability
This word means small tiles put together to form an artistic picture
Mosaic
What number does the Roman Numeral IV translate to?
4
The ongoing battles against Carthage were known as...
The Punic Wars
Why did Rome want control of the Mediterranean sea?
They wanted control of trade routes
What was a problem with Praetorian Guards choosing a new leader?
They often chose someone who would benefit them financially
Roman architecture created stadiums with tunnels that resemble today's_______
Football stadiums
Who are two groups that still use Latin in modern day times?
Scholars and Churches
Name something General Hannibal did to fight against the Romans
Hannibal, a brilliant Carthaginian general, surprised the Romans by marching his army from Spain across the Alps (a high mountain range) and into Italy. His troops rode elephants and braved snowstorms, landslides, and attacks by local tribes. For 15 years, Hannibal's men fought the Romans in Italy.
Name 2 things Augustus Caesar brought positively to Rome?
Augustus encouraged education, art, and literature. He completed grand construction projects, repairing more than eighty temples. "I found Rome brick and left it marble," he boasted. He also gave Rome its first police force and firefighters.
What sort of tribes were invading Rome?
Germanic Tribes
What is the word for a pipe or raised channel built to carry water over a long distance.
Aqueduct
The Romans believed in a universal law of ________ that came from nature and that, by this natural law, every person had rights.
Justice
Name at least TWO costs (disadvantages) of the Punic Wars on Roman citizens
Countless young men had died in the long wars.
people living outside Rome suffered huge losses in population and property.
Hannibal's army had destroyed thousands of farms, and others had been neglected while farmers went off to fight in Rome's armies.
Small farms were being replaced by large estates, where the wealthy planted vineyards and raised livestock.
Unable to compete with the wealthy landowners, many poor farmers were forced to sell their land.
Who were the two leaders fighting against each other by the end of the 2nd period of expansion, causing Roman civil War?
Julius Caesar and General Pompey
In 330 C.E., the emperor Constantine took a step that changed the future of the Roman Empire. He moved his capital 850 miles east, to the ancient city of Byzantium. He later named it...
Constantinople
Name types of architecture Romans used (can list up to 3)
-Vault
-Dome
-Arch
"The one truly good thing in life was to have a good character, which meant having virtues such as self-control and courage."
What Roman philosophy is this?
Stoicism