The Three Periods of Rome
What was the first period of Rome called, when it was ruled by kings?
The Regal Period
Rome began as a small village on what river?
The Tiber River
What were Roman aqueducts used for?
To carry water into cities
What language did the Romans speak?
Latin
About how long did the Roman Empire last?
Over 1,000 years
What type of government replaced the monarchy in 509 B.C.?
The Republic
What was one of Rome’s greatest military strengths?
Its organization and discipline
What is the name of the large Roman amphitheater used for gladiator games?
The Colosseum
The Romans adopted their religion and alphabet from what earlier civilization?
The Etruscans
Name one internal reason that led to Rome’s decline.
Political corruption, economic troubles, or class conflict
Who was the legendary founder of Rome, said to have built it in 753 B.C.?
Romulus
Name one major region or civilization conquered by Rome.
Greece, Egypt, or Carthage
How long was Rome’s road system?
About 50,000 miles
What culture most influenced Roman art and architecture?
The Greeks
Name one external reason that led to Rome’s fall.
Invasions or military threats
What major change marked the start of the Imperial Period?
Rome began to be ruled by emperors instead of elected officials
What major sea did Rome come to dominate through conquest?
The Mediterranean Sea
What architectural element did Romans borrow from the Greeks and use in many buildings?
Columns
What emperor converted to Christianity and made it legal in Rome?
Constantine I
What religion spread through Europe after becoming Rome’s official faith?
Christianity
Who became the first Roman emperor and brought peace to the empire?
Octavian (Augustus)
How did Rome’s road system contribute to its military and empire?
Allowed troops, trade, and ideas to move efficiently across the empire
How did Roman engineering improve public health?
Through aqueducts and public baths that provided clean water and sanitation
How did Rome’s contact with other cultures help its civilization?
It adopted ideas, art, and technology from conquered peoples
What is one major lesson modern civilizations can learn from Rome’s history?
The importance of adaptation, inclusion, and strong leadership