The Byzantine Empire
A term that Historians use to describe the late, Greek dominated, eastern half of the Roman Empire, especially after the Western Empire had collapsed
The Byzantine Empire
The wealthy aristocratic class of Rome who controlled most of the wealth and power.
The Patrician class consisted of aristocratic families who controlled most of the wealth and power in Rome.
This title was given to people who assumed an immense amount of power to lead Rome through a period of crisis
The two members of the second triumvirate that you will need to know about for your tests. (bonus admiration from Mr. Ridge if you can name the 3rd)
Octavian (Caesar (Augustus)), Mark Antony [Lepodis]
This man became the first Christian Roman Emperor
Constantine
While many western Christians emphasized the importance of the Pope, the Bishop of Rome, eastern Christians emphasized the importance of all 5 of these: (the Bishops of the 5 most important cities in Christendom)
Patriarchs
(also I would take Pentarch but I never taught you that term for them)
The commoner underclass including farmers, artisans, and merchants, who had limited rights in the early Roman Republic
Plebeian
Rome and Carthage fought against each other during these wars
Punic Wars
This person centralized power after Mark Antony in a civil war
Octavian (Octavius) (Augustus)
This half of the Roman Empire became gradually destabilized by invading Germanic nomads, economic turmoil, and political instability.
The Western Roman Empire
The series of walls that kept Constantinople safe from outside invaders
Theodosian Walls
The two "co-leaders" of the Roman Republic that worked to keep the Senate and Tribunes in check
Consuls
These brothers attempted to institute major reforms to benefit the lower class
Gracchi (Gracchus) brothers
Octavian gave himself this title to demonstrate his power but also to demonstrate to the Romans that he was just another part of the republic
Princeps
Constantine renamed this city and turned it into the capital city of the Roman Empire.
Constantinople
This Byzantine Emperor reclaimed much of the lost territory of Western Rome and complied an updated, comprehensive code of Roman laws
Justinian
What was the benefit of the Roman system of Checks and Balances?
It prevented any one branch of government from gaining too much power, promoting fairness and accountability.
This man purged many Marius supporters in an attempt to strengthen many pillars of Republican Rome
Sulla
Pax Romana
Answer both: Diocletian's term for a "senior" emperor and a "junior" emperor.
Senior: Augustus
Junior: Caesar
The name of the Persian Empire at the time when the Byzantine Empire shattered Persia and sacked Persepolis, essentially destroying Zoroastrian rule in Persia (it comes from the name of the ruling dynasty of Persia)
Sassanid
(Give both systems of government)
Overthrown government: monarchy
New representative government: republic
The 3 men of the first Triumvirate
Crassus, Pompey, Caesar
Describe the significance of "Panem et Circenses"
The Roman ruling class provided food (grain dole) and entertainment (chariot races, plays, gladiatorial combat) in order to keep the under class satisfied
The Roman Emperor who passed sweeping land reforms that kept certain peasants legally bound to the land and mandated that some commoners had to follow in their father's career
Diocletian