Vocabulary
An ordinary citizen in ancient Rome was called a
Plebeian
He created the calendar we use today, defied the senate by crossing the Rubicon river with his army, introduced reforms that made him popular with the Roman people and was assassinated by a group of Roman senators including his friend Brutus.
Julius Caesar
How long did Roman Senators serve for?
Life
Which were three characteristics of the Roman army that helped Rome become a great power?
Strict discipline, battle strategies, and standards.
1) What town was preserved in ash after Mt. Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE?
2)Who were the legendary founders of the city of Rome?
1) Pompeii
2) The Latins
A form of government in which citizens elect their leaders.
Republic
Formerly known as Octavian, he defeated Marc Antony, and became Rome's first emperor for the next forty years.
Augustus Caesar
How long do United States Senators serve in America today?
6 years= 1 term
Unlimited terms
What were three similarities between ancient Rome's government and America's government?
They both had 3 branches of government, senators, and they're both republics
1) What land/country was Cleopatra the queen of?
2) What language did Romans speak?
1) Egypt
2) Latin
An elected Roman official who protects the rights of ordinary citizens. Tribunes
Tribunes
A legendary figure of Rome who left his farm at a moment's notice then led Rome's army to victory and returned to his farm fifteen days later. He was a symbol to Romans of how a loyal citizen should act.
Cincinnatus
A key idea that the Romans passed on to the world that the "law applies equally to everyone" and that no one is above the law is known as the
Rule of Law
What famous ancient Roman road was an important transportation route for both military and trade and was 350 miles long?
The Appian Way
1) A brutal emperor who killed many people including some of his wives. During a huge fire that destroyed much of the city of Rome he was accused of "playing the fiddle while Rome burned
2) Sold into slavery as a gladiator. He led a large slave uprising against Rome. His army of slaves grew to 70,000 but he was eventually defeated and executed
1) Nero
2) Spartacus
What were groups of about 6,000 Roman soldiers who could easily move around the battlefield called?
Legions
Famous for his writings and speeches, he was a strong believer in the Roman Republic. His speaking out against Marc Antony would get him assassinated
Cicero
How long of a term did Roman consuls serve?
1 year
What were three ways Augustus improved Rome leading to the Roman Empire lasting over 500 years
He secured Rome, put his power on display. & reformed/changed Rome's government
1) What is the name for the peaceful 200 year period during the Roman Empire?
2) What were the three wars Rome fought with Carthage known as?
3) A member of the ruling class of Rome
1) Pax Romana "Roman Peace"
2) Punic Wars
3) Patricians
One of two heads of the government of the Roman Republic were called
Consuls
A Carthaginian general who was Rome's greatest threat. He and his army raided southern Italy for 14 years after he crossed the Alps.
Hannibal
Why did the Roman Senate turn on Julius Caesar?
He was acting like a king
A human-made channel that carries water long distances is called a
Roman Aqueducts
1) A loyal general to Julius Caesar, his alliance with Cleopatra became his downfall. He was defeated by Octavian and then took his own life
2) A Roman Emperor, he was the first Christian Emperor and saw the Roman empire become a Christian state
1) Marc Antony
2) Constantine