Key Figures
He was the general of Carthage.
Hannibal
What did the patricians do in 509 B.C.E. in response to their resentment of Etruscan rule?
They rebelled and established a republic.
Name one of Rome's neighbors that influenced its culture.
Eretria (Etruscans) or Greek colonies in southern Rome
Who were the first people who ruled Rome?
The Etruscans
Who were Rome's neighbor to the north?
The Etruscans
Rome had two of these chief leaders. Usually one commanded the military and the other oversaw decisions in Rome.
Consuls
This was a period of relative peace and stability across the Roman Empire from 27 BC to 180 AD.
Answer: The Pax Romana (Roman Peace)
Name two influences of Rome's neighbors. For example, Greek sculpture is very similar to Roman sculpture.
Religion, architecture, warfare, system of government, irrigation, art, sports, alphabet, drama, philosophy and more.
What were the poorer people of Rome called. These people made up the majority of the Roman population, as well as the Roman army and food-growing population.
The Plebeians
Who was Rome's neighbor to the south?
This Roman general and statesman famously crossed the Rubicon in 49 BC, defeated a rival general named Pompey, and ultimately declared himself dictator for life.
Julius Caesar
This war between Rome and Carthage lasted from 264 to 146 BC and resulted in Rome’s dominance over the western Mediterranean.
The Punic Wars
These warriors fought to the death for entertainment.
Gladiators
What was the richer class in Rome called. These people held all political power in the first few centuries of the Roman Republic.
The Patricians
Rome was first established on what geographic feature?
7 hills
Who was the first emperor of Rome?
Augustus (also known as Octavian)
In 494 BCE, the plebeians marched outside of Rome and refused to return until the patricians compromised. Why were the plebeians so important to Rome?
They made up the majority of the army and workers in the city and on the farms.
This famous Roman arena could hold up to 50,000 spectators and hosted gladiator fights:
The Colosseum
What kind of government did the Romans establish after defeating the Etruscans in 509 BCE?
A republic
Which river was Rome established next to?
Who was the slave who led a revolt against the Romans during the Third Period of Roman Expansion (145 BCE - 44 BCE)?
Spartacus
What significant territorial gains did Rome make during the Third Period of Expansion (145 BCE - 44 BCE)?
Rome conquered Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt.
In the Roman Republic, who had the most power?
The Senate
Julius Caesar defeated this general to become dictator for life of Rome.
Pompey
At the height of Roman expansion, Rome had conquered territory in these continents:
Africa, Europe, and Asia