Pharmacology
This induction agent causes pain on injection and can drop blood pressure significantly.
What is Propofol?
This syndrome of hypotension in supine term parturients is relieved by left uterine displacement.
What is aortocaval compression (supine hypotension syndrome)?
This lung volume, about 30 mL/kg... actually the reserve remaining after normal exhalation, buys apnea time during preoxygenation.
What is functional residual capacity (FRC)?
This is the most commonly performed neuraxial block for cesarean delivery.
What is spinal anesthesia?
This hypermetabolic crisis triggered by volatile agents and succinylcholine is treated with dantrolene.
What is malignant hyperthermia?
This depolarizing muscle relaxant has the fastest onset for rapid sequence induction.
What is succinylcholine?
This is the first-line vasopressor for spinal hypotension during cesarean delivery.
What is phenylephrine?
End-tidal CO2 normally runs this many mmHg below arterial CO2.
What is 2–5 mmHg?
Blocking this plexus via interscalene approach covers shoulder surgery but commonly paralyzes the ipsilateral diaphragm.
What is the brachial plexus (phrenic nerve involvement)?
The earliest and most sensitive sign of MH under anesthesia is a rise in this monitored value.
What is end-tidal CO2?
This drug reverses opioid overdose by antagonizing mu receptors.
What is naloxone?
This magnesium level range, in mEq/L, is therapeutic for preeclampsia seizure prophylaxis.
What is 4–8 mEq/L?
This law explains why nitrous oxide expands air-filled spaces like a pneumothorax.
What is Fick's law of diffusion (differential solubility of N2O vs nitrogen)?
This lipid rescue therapy treats local anesthetic systemic toxicity.
What is 20% intralipid (lipid emulsion)?
Hypotension, bronchospasm, and rash after antibiotic administration suggest this reaction; epinephrine is first-line.
What is anaphylaxis?
This reversal agent encapsulates rocuronium and vecuronium.
What is sugammadex?
This uterotonic is given first-line after delivery, typically as a dilute infusion.
What is oxytocin?
Cerebral blood flow changes roughly 1–2 mL/100g/min for every 1 mmHg change in this value.
What is PaCO2?
Post-dural puncture headache is classically treated with this definitive procedure.
What is an epidural blood patch?
Sudden drop in end-tidal CO2 with hypotension during a sitting craniotomy suggests this embolic event.
What is venous air embolism?
Adding this vasoconstrictor to local anesthetics prolongs their duration and marks intravascular injection.
What is epinephrine?
Pregnant patients are considered a full stomach and higher aspiration risk starting around this gestational age.
What is roughly 12–20 weeks (commonly cited as the second trimester)?
This reflex causes bradycardia with traction on extraocular muscles.
What is the oculocardiac reflex?
This local anesthetic is most feared for refractory cardiotoxicity.
What is bupivacaine?
This complication of rapid opioid administration causes chest wall stiffness that impairs ventilation.
What is fentanyl-induced rigid chest syndrome?