Show:
Management During Recovery
Miscellaneous
Factors Influencing Recovery
Resuscitation
Test
100
To prevent the horse from becoming trapped in the corner, this is the ideal shape for the recovery stall.
What is an octagon? Floors and walls should be padded. Use of heavy foam pads can prevent sternal recumbency before strength and coordination is regained. Use of ropes and slings may not be well tolerated and require trained personnel.
100
Cleaning agents must be prevented from pooling around this vulnerable structure during anesthesia.
What is the eye? In laterally recumbent animals, the down eye must also be protected from compression.
100
Under experimental conditions in which horses were placed under anesthesia but no surgery was performed, this characteristic was the major determinant of the quality of recovery.
What is temperament? Under clinical conditions, the quality of recovery correlates negatively with duration of anesthesia and severity of surgery.
100
This can be a very effective resuscitation technique but may be difficult to sustain for one person depending on the size of the horse.
What is cardiac massage? Although it may occur, it is not necessary to break the horse's ribs. In the absence of a working arterial pressure line, efficacy of cardiac massage is judged by maintenance of CNS reflexes.
100
These are the constituents of equine triple drip.
What are xylazine (500 mg), ketamine (1000-2000 mg), and GG (1 L 5% solution in 5% dextrose)?
200
According to the paper, fracture patients are most successfully recovered in this?
What is a hydro pool?
200
These two conditions may lead to fluid and inotrope support being necessary in the recovery period.
What are severe hemorrhage and hypotension? Modern volatile anesthetics are relatively quickly exhaled and lead to rapid improvement in cardiovascular function. Most of the time, it is appropriate to stop fluids and inotropes when anesthesia is cut off.
200
According to the article, the use of opiods as analgesics during anesthesia is somewhat controversial because of what two aspects?
What are excitement and GI tract depression? Experimentally, it is unclear if the use of opioids benefits recovery. However, it has not been shown they are detrimental. Anecdotally, judicious use of opioids may be a good idea if pain will be an issue during recovery.
200
The presence of this sign indicates resuscitation should be continued.
What is brain activity? According to the authors, they successfully resuscitated a pony after 25 minutes of treatment.
200
These are the constituents of bovine triple drip.
What are xylazine (100 mg), ketamine (1000-2000 mg), and GG (1 L 5% solution in 5% dextrose).
300
Ideally, horses should remain laterally recumbent for this amount of time before rolling into sternal.
What is 20 minutes? The horse should remain in sternal for 10-20 minutes. This is associated with the restoration of more normal breathing patterns and improved oxygenation.
300
This is probably the fastest and easiest way to correct bradycardia.
What is reducing gas?
300
Post-operative use of these is beneficial not only for their sedative effects but also for their analgesic effects.
What alpha 2 agonists? Low doses of these agents (especially xylazine) can slightly increase recovery time leading to superior recoveries.
300
These are the five steps of stage 1 cardiac resuscitation.
What are alerting the surgeon and assigning duties, external cardiac massage, stopping anesthetic, maintaining airway, and bagging with oxygen? Success of cardiac massage is judged by signs such as nystagmus, corneal reflex, and agonal or normal breathing.
300
These are the constituents of llama lullaby.
What are xylazine (100 mg), butorphanol (10 mg), and ketamine (1000 mg bottle).
400
For any surgery longer than one hour, this type of catheter should be placed.
What is a urinary catheter? A full bladder is uncomfortable and may stimulate the horse to rise before appropriate. Also, large amounts of urine on the recovery stall floor may cause it to become slippery.
400
These are the major factors that result in problems encountered during recovery in horses.
What are hypotension, hypoxemia, and malpositioning on the surgery table?
400
This aspect of a recovery stall can prevent a horse from gaining momentum if ataxic when standing.
What is size? Stalls must be large enough for the horse to stand but not large enough to gain momentum if falling occurs. Padded floors and walls and absence of 90 degree angles are also important.
400
These are the IV drugs used to treat asystole.
What are epinephrine, atropine, or glycopyrrolate? Epinephrine is administered first at a dosage of 0.003 mg/kg. If this doesn't work, give atropine at a dosage of 0.01 mg/kg or glycopyrrolate at a dosage of 0.005 mg/kg. If this is unsuccessful, give another dose of epinephrine at 0.005 mg/kg. Continue cardiac massage and oxygen throughout this process.
400
These are the steps to treating atrial fibrillation.
What are reducing gas, checking fluids and calcium, and possibly converting with quinidine?
500
This can be instilled into the nares to decrease nasal congestion.
What is phenylephrine or neosenephrine? Most recumbent horses develop nasal edema. Airway obstruction during recovery may also be caused by problems such as laryngospasm, laryngeal hemiplegia, dorsal displacement of the soft palate, kinking of the head, or foreign bodies. Airway obstruction can lead to pulmonary edema, hemorrhage, and death.
500
As stated yesterday, this is the major factor differentiating myopathy from neuropathy.
What is the presence of pain?
500
This is the critical phase during recovery of a horse in a hydro pool.
What is removal? Specialized equipment and trained personnel are required for these devices. Short term sedation may be necessary until the horse is safely in a stall.
500
Post-resuscitation treatment is aimed at correcting/preventing these major complications.
What are acidosis, pulmonary edema, and cerebral edema? Agents to treat these include bicarbonate, diuretics, and corticosteroids. Serious problems are rare in the horse if cardiac arrest is detected quickly and effective CPR is rapid.
500
These are the 3 P's to preventing myopathy.
What are padding, perfusion, and positioning?