Cattle Anatomy and Digestion
Name the 4 compartments of a cow's stomach
Rumen, Reticulum, Omasum, and Abomasum
What is dystocia?
Difficult or abnormal calving
What is colostrum and why is it important?
Colostrum is the first milk produced after calving that contains antibodies and nutrients for the calf.
It is important because it provides antibodies and nutrients that help protect newborn calves from disease.
What is GIN
Gastrointestinal Nematodes.
What is the primary function of the rumen?
Storage and fermentation of feed
What is the average gestation period of a cow?
Approximately 283 days
Name a reason why a vaccine might fail
What does TMR stand for? And which cattle are commonly fed TMR?
TMR stands for Total Mixed Ration and dairy cattle are commonly fed it
What protozoal disease commonly causes severe diarrhea in calves?
Coccidiosis
What compartment catches heavy metal objects that a cow swallows?
The reticulum
What is the average length of the estrous cycle in cattle?
21 days
Name a common cattle vaccine
What does a CMT test detect?
Mastitis
What is the most common type of mange in cattle? And it is zoonotic?
Sarcoptic mange and yes, it is zoonotic
What is Hardware Disease and what test is used to check for it?
Hardware Disease is a condition when a cow swallows a metal object that becomes trapped in the reticulum and may damage internal organs. The Withers' Pinch Test is used to check for it.
How early can ultrasound be used to detect pregnancy?
About 26 - 28 days
Name one medication administration route
- Intravenous
- Intramuscular
- Subcutaneaou
- Orally
Which dairy breed is known for the highest butterfat milk and what is the most common dairy breed in Ontario?
Holstein = most common dairy breed in Ontario
Is ringworm caused by a fungus or a parasite?
A fungus
What is the normal body temperature range for a cow?
37.8 C to 39.2 C
How are most dairy cattle bred and how are most beef cattle bred?
Beef cattle - Natural service (bull breeding)
Why are withdrawal times important in relation to vaccines
They prevent medication residues from entering the food supply through meat or milk.
Name three examples of cattle emergencies.
- prolapsed uterus
- severe dystocia
- cow are unable to stand
Which cattle parasite is not zoonotic
Warbles