Body Systems
What is the purpose of the digestive system?
The Digestive system of an animal provides food for the body and for all of its systems.
The system stores food temporarily, prepares food for use by the body, and removes waste products from the body.
What is feed?
Feed is animal food.
What does it mean when an animal is a ruminant?
Ruminants are a class of animals that have stomachs with more than one compartment. Cattle and Sheep are ruminants, and they have 4 different compartments in the stomach.
What is the Monogastric digestive system?
Monogastric means having a stomach with one compartment. Most of the digestion takes place in the small intestine.
What is the purpose of the respiratory system?
The Respiratory System provides oxygen to the blood of the animal and removes waste gases such as carbon dioxide from the blood.
What is the difference between the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System?
The Central Nervous System includes the brain and the spinal cord. It is responsible for coordinating the movement of animals and also responds to all of the senses.
The Peripheral Nervous System controls the functions of the body tissues, including the organs. The nerves transmit messages to the brains from the outer parts of the body.
What is a ration?
the amount and content of food that an animal eats in a day.
Cows, Sheep, Goats
What are some examples of Monogastrics?
Horses, swine, and poultry
What is the purpose of the skeletal system?
The purpose of the Skeletal System is to provide support for the body, and for protection of the brain and other soft organs in the body.
The function of the Urinary System is to remove waste materials from the blood.
What is Animal Nutrition?
the process by which animals eat food and use those nutrients to live, grow, and reproduce.
What is the largest compartment of the ruminant digestive system, and what is the purpose of it?
The largest compartment of the ruminant digestive system is the rumen. It is known as the "fermentation vat". The purpose of the rumen is to store large amounts of roughages, and to break down food with the help of microbes in the compartment.
Where is food stored in the poultry digestive system?
The crop
What is the difference between Animal Anatomy and Physiology?
Animal Physiology is the internal functions and vital processes of animals and their organs.Anatomy is the various organs and parts of the body.
This system transports blood that contains nutrients and oxygen to the cells of the body, and it filters waste materials from the body.
What is the difference roughages and concentrates?
Roughages are rich in fiber, and low in total digestible energy. These are very important for ruminant digestion. Helps maintain gut health and promote proper rumination. Examples are hay, grasses, haylage, and silage.
What is the purpose of the reticulum?
The purpose of the reticulum is to aid with digestion in the rumen. It keeps the food mixed with water and saliva until it is the right consistency. It is where a magnet would sit.
Monogastrics are unable to break down large amounts of ____________, so their diets consist mainly of __________________.
roughages, concentrates
What are deficiency diseases?
Numerous diseases may result from improper amounts or balance of vitamins and minerals.
What is the difference between vitamins and minerals?
Vitamins are organic substances that are required in small amounts for normal metabolism.
Minerals are elements found in nature that are essential for normal body functioning of humans and animals alike.
What is the difference between 3 different digestive systems?
Monogastrics have a stomach with one compartment. Ruminants have a stomach with 4 compartments, and poultry have a stomach with one compartment, but their food is stored in the crop, and food is broken down in the gizzard.
Name the 4 compartments of the ruminant digestive system, and explain the purposes.
The first compartment is the Rumen. The purpose is to hold large amounts of roughages, and food breakdown occurs here. The second compartment is the reticulum. It aids in digestion and it is where a magnet would sit. The third compartment is the omasum. It is the sight for water absorption. It also acts as a filter for the abomasum. The fourth compartment is the abomasum. Food particles are broken down into nutrients, then they are absorbed in the small intestine.
Food is stored in the _____, then passed to the ______, which grinds it up.
The gizzard contains ________ and other _____ to help break down the food.
Crop, Gizzard, pebbles, muscles
What are some indicators of less than adequate rations?