Allegories
Who does Napoleon represent in the Russian Revolution?
Stalin
What historical event is the rebellion on the farm based on?
The Russian Revolution of 1917
What happens to the windmill in this chapter?
It is destroyed by Frederick and his men using explosives.
What happens to Boxer in this chapter?
He gets injured and is eventually sold to the knacker.
What is the final state of the farm?
It becomes indistinguishable from the human farms.
What does the windmill symbolize in the story?
The false promise of industrial progress and manipulation by leaders
Who does Mr. Jones represent?
Tsar Nicholas II
How does Napoleon use Mr. Whymper?
As a go-between to communicate with humans and spread propaganda.
What lie does Squealer tell about Boxer’s fate?
That he died peacefully in the hospital.
What shocking sight do the animals witness through the window?
Pigs and humans drinking and playing cards together.
Who is Snowball an allegory for?
Leon Trotsky
What does the Battle of the Cowshed symbolize?
The Russian Civil War
What major propaganda tool does Squealer use?
False statistics to show the farm’s success.
What is ironic about the animals' "retirement"?
It’s promised but never actually happens.
What is the new name of the farm?
Manor Farm (restored name)
What do the dogs represent allegorically?
The secret police (KGB)
What group do the sheep represent?
The blindly loyal masses
What happens to the animals who confess to crimes?
They are executed by Napoleon’s dogs.
What propaganda song replaces “Beasts of England”?
“Comrade Napoleon”
What happens to the Seven Commandments?
They are replaced with one: “All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.”
What does the farm itself symbolize?
The Soviet Union
Who does Boxer represent?
The hardworking but exploited proletariat
How do the animals justify the executions?
They believe they must sacrifice for the greater good of the farm.
How does the food situation change?
Rations are reduced, except for the pigs and dogs.
What is the final realization of the animals?
They can no longer tell the pigs from the humans.