Basic Concepts
Genetics definition
What is The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics?
Genes are made up of segments of DNA, DNA is a long molecule composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a
What is a double helix?
Tool for predicting the outcome of genetic crosses
What is the punnett square?
What is Expected Progeny Differences, and predictions of how future offspring of an animal will perform compared to others?
Inheritance prediction allows for genetic selection, and this is a benefit because
What is farmers can select plants or animals that possess desirable characteristics such as disease resistance, high yield, or better growth rates. This leads to more efficient breeding programs
Genes Defintion
What are Units of heredity made up of DNA?
What are adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine?
Gametes are
What are cells that carry genetic information?
Pedigree defintion
Inheritance prediction allows for Economic Benefits such as _______ and _______. Explain why
What is Cost Reduction: Predictive breeding can reduce the time and resources spent on trial and error in breeding programs, leading to more cost-effective production.
Market Value: Animals and crops with desirable traits command higher prices in the market, increasing the economic returns for farmers.
Genes control traits such as
Color, size, and behavior
The function of genes
Fertilization can be described as
What is fusion of male and female gametes?
WW, BW, and YW stand for what
What is Weaning, Birth, and Yearling Weight?
Inheritance prediction allows for Disease resistance which is beneficial because
What is it facilitates the breeding of plants and animals that have inherited resistance to specific diseases, reducing the reliance on chemical treatments and improving overall health in the herd or crop
Alleles are
What are different forms of a gene?
Mutations
What are changes in the DNA sequence, which can affect the function of a gene?
Gregor Mendel said that traits are inherited in what type of patterns?
What are PREDICTABLE patterns?
ADG is an EPD that looks at
What is an animal's ability to convert feed into weight effectively.
Under enhanced crop and livestock quality, Uniformity is mentioned. How would uniformity be affected by genetics, and why would that be important?
What are Consistent traits across generations lead to uniform products, which are often more appealing in the market?
Each offspring inherits how many alleles from each parent per gene
What is ONE allele per gene
Genetic Variation
What are differences in genes among individuals can lead to variation in traits
If there was a cross between a homozygous dominant AA and a homozygous recessive aa, what would the offspring be?
What are all heterozygous Aa?
How do Genetics help producers make data-driven choices and plan for the long-term of their operation?
What is
Predictive models based on genetic data empower farmers to make informed decisions regarding breeding, planting, and management practices which allows for better long-term planning in breeding programs, helping to achieve specific agricultural goals over time.