Animal Physiology/Evolution

Vocabulary

100

study of function in animals

animal physiology

200

maintaining internal conditions at equilibrium

homeostasis

300

tissue formation

morphogenesis

400

the physical properties an organism exhibits

phenotype

500

physiology of an animal is able to change to suit their environment

adaptation

Evolution

100

overtime, specialized traits that enhance survival and reproduction accumulate in a population

adaptive evolution

200

what is survival of the fittest?

those with traits best suited to the environment will be more likely to survive

300

4 steps of evolution

1: over-production

2: variation

3: selection

4: adaptation

400

after a number of generations, the derived population may differ from the ancestral population, but not for any reason related to natural selection or fitness

Founder effect

500

Random changes in the frequency of certain genotypes in a population over time, can result in substantial differences in the phenotype of two populations

genetic drift

Hardy-Weinberg

100

What does the Hardy-Weinberg Principle state?

allele frequencies usually remain constant in populations unless something happens besides Mendelian segregation and sexual recombination

200

p+q=?

1

300

from p and q, which is the frequency of the dominant allele in a population 

p

400

Can natural selection occur in Hardy-Weinberg?

no

500

Why is Hardy-Weinberg not applicable to reality?

nature will never be at perfect condition for Hardy-Weinberg as there is always immigration, mutations, and natural selection

Animal processes

100

The process by which animals control solute concentrations and balance water gain and loss

Osmoregulation

200

Poikilotherm?

an animal whose body temperature varies with the environment

300

Blubber in whales and the fur of a polar bear are examples of ______ in animals

insulation

400

sun basking, huddling, fanning wings, all these reactions to environmental stimuli are examples of..?

behavioral responses

500

For fish, give an example of a waste chemical that can be excreted through either the scales or gills.

ammonia