Defining the Science
Simply put, this is the two-word collective study of domestic animals
What is Animal Science?
This was the very first animal species to be domesticated by humans, over 10,000 years ago
What is the dog?
This species of livestock is unique because it is completely unable to survive if returned to the wild
What is sheep?
On the marketing side, a producer must keep an eye on this critical logistic cost heavily influenced by distance
What are freight charges?
This Spanish explorer introduced horses and hogs to Florida in the 1500s
Who is DeSoto?
This scientific discipline studies how animals react to their environments and directly impacts facility design and management systems
What is animal behavior?
An animal is not considered domesticated until humans control this vital reproductive process
What is breeding?
Unlike sheep, this agile livestock animal can easily revert back to a wild, feral state and survive
What is the goat?
While meat and milk are primary products, sheep's wool and animal fat for cosmetics fall under this secondary category
What are animal by-products?
Before the Civil War, pork was the most popular meat because it could easily be stored in this preserved form
What is salt pork?
Two of the four key resources a livestock management system must effectively utilize to produce affordable food products
What are labor, capital, animals, or environment?
These are two traits of wild animals that make them much easier for humans to domesticate
What are forming large herds/flocks and eating a wide variety of feeds?
This is the only common domestic livestock animal that is native to North America
What is the turkey?
These are two climate-related geographic factors that dictate what feeds can grow and what animals can tolerate in a given area
What are year-round climate and annual rainfall? (Also accept soil types/bodies of water)
This specific technological innovation allowed fresh beef to be shipped to population centers, making beef more popular than pork
What is the refrigerated railcar?
Along with veterinarians, educators, and farm managers, this career path involves custom-formulating animal feed for the livestock industry
What is an animal nutritionist?
This is the breeding method humans used during domestication to weed out animals with undesirable traits
What is selective breeding?
This specific group of multi-stomached livestock (including cattle, sheep, and goats) were the first food animals to be domesticated
What are ruminants?
To market livestock successfully worldwide, a producer must understand world current events and these regional human elements
What are world cultures and customs?
This 1862 Act of Congress donated public lands to establish colleges dedicated to teaching agriculture
What is the Land Grant Act?
The grand goal of incorporating all animal science disciplines into management systems is to improve this specific human metric
What is the well-being of humankind?
In exchange for giving up their wild freedom, domesticated animals received these two critical benefits from humans
What are protection and a constant food supply?
These two species represent the absolute beginning and end of the agricultural domestication timeline
What are sheep (first) and turkeys (last)?
Early in agricultural history, cattle were used for meat, milk, and labor, until this animal eventually replaced them for draft work
What are horses?
These two acts established agricultural research/experiment stations and the cooperative extension service to share that research
What are the Hatch Act (research) and Smith-Lever Act (extension)?