AOIN
ORIGIN: posterior illiac crest
INSERTION: the last rib and transverse processes of the first through fourth lumbar vertebrae
Quadratus Lumborum
What structural class of joints is an enclosed cavity filled with watery fluid?
Synovial Joint
What do agonist muscle groups cause?
Motion
What happens in the joints when you pop/crack them?
a change of pressure in the joint creates a gas bubble which pops
What are the hyper-irritated points in tight bands of muscle called?
Trigger points
ACTION: laterally flex the head and neck to the same side and rotating the head and neck to the opposite side
INNERVATION: the spinal accessory nerve (XI), C2 and C3
Sternocleidomastoid
What is the most important stabilizing factor of most joints?
Muscle tone
What is it called when a muscle can not be elongated any further without damage to the fibers?
Passive insufficiency
Every bone forms a joint with at least one other bone except?
Hyoid bone
What are the 5 characteristics of muscles?
-ability to contract
-can be stretched without damage
-has elasticity
-responds to stimulus
-can increase or decrease in size
INSERTION: IT band, gluteal tuberosity
ACTION: extend, externally rotate, and abduct hip
Gluteus Maximus
If the bone with the CONVEXITY is moved on the bone CONCAVITY, the CONVEX surface slides in the ________ direction to the bone
Opposite
Muscles that are overly ______ or already _______ do not have the capacity to produce forceful muscle contractions
stretched; shortened
What are the 3 functional classes?
Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, and Diarthrosis
What are structural classifications for muscles?
-strap
-intersected
-fusiform/spindle
-penniform
-triangular
-quadrate
ACTION: Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side and rotate vertebral column to the same side
ORIGIN: Lateral inguinal ligament, illiac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia
Internal Oblique
What functional class of joints is described as slightly movable?
Amphiarthrosis
The AGONIST will become ________ _______ before the ANTAGONIST becomes _______ ________
actively insufficient; passively insufficient
What are the 3 structural classes?
Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial
What shortens the sarcomere?
myosin heads grabbing actin
ORIGIN and INSERTION: Spanning the transverse processes of vertebrae C2-C7 (Cervical) and L5-L10 (Lumbar)
Intertransversarius
What kind of diarthritic joints are described as oval articular surfaces of one bone that fit into complimentary concavities of another bone?
Condyloid
What type of muscle contractions tend to cause more tears but have more strength?
Eccentric
If the bone with the CONCAVITY is moved on the bone with the CONVEXITY, the CONCAVE surface moves in the _________ direction as the bone segment
Same
What gives muscle its striated appearance?
myofilaments