Ankle Anatomy
What are the 4 bones that make up the ankle joint
Tibia, Fibula, Talus, Calcaneus
What is the most common type of ankle sprain
ATFL
AKA - Inversion ankle sprain
aka - lateral ankle sprain
Any of these answers are acceptable
What does HOPS stand for?
History
Observation
Palpation
Special Tests
What is the pattern for a figure 8 with the ace wrap
Ankle bone, heel lock, bottom, top
Repeat 3 more times
What is the first phase of any rehab program
Flexibility (or increase ROM)
What is the name of the ligament on the medial side of the ankle
Deltoid
What is the MOI of an ATFL sprain?
Plantarflexion and inversion
What is a good question to ask during the History phase of HOPS?
Where does it hurt? When did this happen? How did this happen? Did you hear or feel any snaps, cracks, or pops?
What is the recipe for an Achilles taping?
2 anchors high, 1 anchor around the arch, ankle dorsiflexed with 1.5 in white tape
create a fake Achilles with the 3 in stretchy brown tape, pull tight with the ankle plantarflexed/relaxed
2 closures high, 1 closure around the arch, ankle dorsiflexed with 1.5 in white tape
What is the second phase of any rehab program
Strengthening
What is the ligament that holds the tibia and fibula together
Syndesmosis
What is the MOI of a deltoid ankle sprain
Eversion
What would you look for during the Observation phase of HOPS?
Swelling, discoloration, deformity
Which test is used for an Achilles rupture
Thompson Test
What is the third phase of any rehab program
Balance
What are the 3 ligaments on the lateral side of the ankle from anterior to posterior?
ATFL, CFL, PTFL
What is the MOI of a syndesmotic ankle sprain?
Excessive dorsiflexion with or without external rotation
What would you feel for during the Palpation phase of HOPS
Swelling, deformity, temperature, tenderness
What 2 tests can be used to test for an ATFL sprain
Talar tilt & Anterior Drawer
What is the 4th phase of ay rehab program? Give one example of an exercise you could do during this phase for a soccer player.
Sport-specific or functional
You can have them run and then change directions quickly OR
They could balance on the Dyna Disc while kicking or juggling the ball
What are the knobby ends at the distal end of the tibia and fibula called?
Malleoli
What is the MOI of a tibial stress fracture
Overuse (too many miles too fast)
What are some examples of Special Tests you would perform during this phase of the HOPS Ankle Assessment?
Talar Tilt, Kleiger, Bump, Squeeze, Tuning Fork
What is the recipe for an ankle taping?
2 anchors high, 1 anchor low
3 stirrups from medial to lateral
3-4 fill ins
2 figure 8's with heel locks
closures
How do you properly fit a patient for crutches AND instruct them to walk up & down stairs?
Up stairs = good foot up first then crutches follow
Down stairs = crutches down first, then good foot follows