Skeletal system
What is included in the appendicular skeleton
Appendages
scapula
clavicle
pelvic girdle
fat (adipose)
tendons connect
muscle to bone
articulation
where 2 bones meet to make a joint
synostosis
bony joints
Purpose of frontanels
Allow for rapid growth
Allow skull to move to fit through birth canal
support
importance of anatomical position in movement
reference point for all movements
to reduce the risk of osteoporosis
increase calcium intake and perform weight bearing exercises
synovial membrane
secretes synovial fluid that is slippery, viscous, lubricant
Purpose of nasal sinuses
Add resonance to voice
Lighten skull
ensure air hits mucus membrane
types of bone cells in order of lineage
osteogenic
osteoblasts
osteocytes
osteoclasts- different origin
what kind of joint and subtype is the pubic symphysis
cartilaginous joint
symphysis
opposition of the thumb
moving thumb to touch other fingertips
1/3 of bone composition
organic
Female vs male sciatic notch
Male=narrower
Female= wider
What does bone remodeling depend on?
amount of stress put on bone
What type of joint is a ball and socket (monaxial, biaxial, multi axial)
multiaxial
last fontanel to close
anterior
location and function of spongy bone
ends of long bones and middle of flat bones
provide strength without adding weight
Functions of the skeletal system
Blood Formation
Structural support
electrolyte balance
movement
steps of bone healing
hematoma formation
soft callous
hard callous
bone remodeling
factors that affect ROM of a joint
shape of articular surfaces
strength/tautness of ligaments
tension of opposing muscles/tendons
opposition of soft tissues
which cartilaginous joint is hyaline cartilage
synchondrosis
summary of zones of metaphysis
hyaline cartliage, chondrocytes divide and arrange in rows, chondrocytes enlarge, minerals deposited (calcification), chondrocytes die, blood vessels invade, osteoblasts build bone, osteoclasts remove cartilage
From superior(plate) to inferior (marrow cavity)