The respiratory system of a bird contains these (different from other mammals).
What are air sacs?
100
The kidneys are responsible for this (name one).
What is osmotic regulation or ionic regulation or nitrogen excretion of BP regulation or concentration of RBCs.
100
Regarding ionic and osmotic control, this strategy costs more energy to maintain.
What is an ionoregulator/osmoregulator?
100
Unmetabolizable energy is removed as this and indigestible energy is removed as this.
What is urine and feces?
100
This is the temperature of the organism's surroundings.
What is ambient temperature?
200
Larger animals rely only on this for oxygen transport.
What is bulk flow?
200
Terrestrial and salt water organisms tend to have ____ loops of henle, whereas freshwater fish have the opposite.
What is long?
200
This part of the loop of henle is permeable to water whereas this part is impermeable to water.
What is the descending loop and ascending loop?
200
The mouth aids in the digestion of this nutrient using this enzyme.
What is carbohydrate and amylase?
200
This rule refers to large animals in cold environments have large volume mass and don't lose heat easily.
What is Bermann's rule?
300
With unidirectional ventilation, blood can flow in these three ways relative to the flow of the medium to the blood.
What is concurrent flow, counter-current flow, and crosscurrent flow?
300
Humans excrete this compound, fish excrete this, and birds/reptiles/insects excrete this.
What is urea, ammonia, and uric acid?
300
These are the four processes of urine production.
What is filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion?
300
Fatty acids and glycerol are transported in this and triglycerides are transported in this as this.
What is blood, lymph, and chylomicrons?
300
This molecule helps to prevent the membrane from solidifying when the membrane is cooled.
What is cholestrol?
400
This change is responsible for a change in oxygen affinity. (Name any)
What is a decrease in pH, an increase in pressure of CO2, increase in temperature, increase in organic modulators,
400
These structures within the glomerulus form filtration structures and can open or close to control filtration.
What are podocytes?
400
Glucose in the urine of diabetics is an example of this.
What is the renal threshold?
400
These within the stomach secrete protease pepsin to aid in this digestion.
What are chief cells and proteins?
400
This type of adaptation helps to maintain membrane fluidity at different types by utilizing these two mechanisms.
What is homeoviscous, fatty acid chain length, and saturation?
500
One way CO2 is transported is via this.
What is plasma or proteins or bicarbonate?
500
This steroid hormone is known as the "thirst" hormone and causes this.
What is aldosterone and increases Na+ reaborption and K+ secretion?
500
ADH stimulates the increased production of this in this part of the nephron.
What are aquaporins and the collecting duct?
500
These three hormones are responsible for the control of appetite and are each secreted by what.
What is leptin (white adipose tissue), ghrelin (stomach), and peptide YY (colon)?
500
This type of organism's body temperature is determined by the environment and this type of organism's body temp is determined by the generation of internal heat.