Abnormal Chromosome Structure
Which type of chromosomal mutation cannot revert back to the wild-type state?
Deletion
Antiparallel DNA strands mean that
the two DNA strands run in opposite directions of each other and have opposite polarities.
During transcription, the synthesis of the mRNA strand proceeds in which direction?
5'-3' only
Base substitution where a purine is replaced by another purine or pyrimidine is replaced by another pyrimidine.
Transition
Net or overall probabilities are obtained by adding separate mutually exclusive probabilities. This is known as
the sum/addition rule
Inversion of a chromosome that does involve the centromere
pericentric
Bonds that join two nitrogenous bases on separate strands together, creating the double helix structure
Hydrogen bonds
True or False: Prokaryotic transcription and translation are coupled in the nucleus
False
A peptide bond forms between the ____ of an amino acid and the ____ of another
carboxyl group, amino group
What does the principle of independent assortment state?
Genes for different traits on different chromosomes behave and assort independently in gamete production.
Principle of segregation?
Chromosome mutation where duplicated segments of the chromosome are in the same orientation and adjacent to each other.
Tandem duplication
What are the main ways RNA is different than DNA (there are three)
It is single stranded
Is a ribose instead of deoxyribose sugar
Uracil instead of Thymine
Eukaryotic transcription occurs where?
in the nucleus
For every amino acid there are (blank) codons that code for it
multiple
degenerate code
In humans, brown eye color (B) is dominant to blue eyes (b). A brown eyed man marries a woman with brown eyes. They have three blue-eyed daughters, what are the genotypes of the man and women?
Bb and Bb
Chromosome mutation where parts of non-homologous chromosomes are interchanged
Translocations
The C value is the amount of DNA in a
haploid genome
Which parts of eukaryotic mRNA are translated
The exons
A mutation where a codon is changed to a stop codon, causing premature termination of the translation
Nonsense mutation
What is the probability a cow has three calves, with the first being a boy, the second a girl and the third another girl?
1/8
1/2X1/2X1/2
How is familial down syndrome different than traditional down syndrome?
the extra chromosome 21 is translocated to another chromosome in a Robertsonian translocation
Type of chromatin that is can be condensed or open for transcription
DAILY DOUBLE What is an example of this kind of chromatin?
Facultative heterochromatin
Barr Body
The single strand of mRNA that is produced during transcription has the same polarity as what DNA strand
the non-template/coding strand
Type of gene mutation where a codon changes to a different codon, resulting in a different amino acid to be translated.
In the F2 generation, how many genotypic classes are possible from a dihybrid cross of two heterozygotes in which the genes involved show complete dominance?
9
3^n, 3^2