Basic Terms
The term that describes the breaking food down into simpler substances
What is digestion?
Animals with multi-chambered stomachs
What are ruminants?
First stop where food is chewed and mixed with saliva
What is the mouth?
Organ where food is stored and softened in birds
What is the crop?
Process of providing food for health and growth
What is nutrition?
Movement of nutrients into the bloodstream from the intestine
What is absorption?
Animals with a single stomach
What are non-ruminants?
Tube that carries food to the stomach
What is the esophagus?
Muscular organ that grinds food in birds
What is the gizzard?
Nutrient that provides the main source of energy
What are carbohydrates?
The term used to describe a swallowed ball of food
What is a bolus?
Simple-stomach animals like pigs and dogs
What are monogastrics?
Largest stomach compartment for fermentation
What is the rumen?
Main organ for chemical digestion in monogastrics
What is the stomach?
Nutrients that build muscle and body tissue
What are proteins?
Partially digested food leaving the stomach
What is chyme?
Animals with large cecums for digestion of roughage
What are hind-gut fermenters?
“True stomach” where acids and enzymes work
What is the abomasum?
Main site of nutrient absorption
What is the small intestine?
Feed with more than 18% fiber
What are roughages?
Wave-like muscle movements that move food through the tract
What is peristalsis?
Birds with specialized digestive organs like a gizzard
What are avian species?
Process of bringing food back up to chew again
What is rumination?
Finger-like structures that increase absorption
What are villi?
Total feed given in a 24-hour period
What is a ration?