Push/Pull Factors
This is a common pull factor across all five Asian immigrant groups.
Labor Shortage in America
This is a vice industry that women participated in, sometimes involuntarily, in order to contribute to their income and send money back.
Prostitution
This US immigration law was the first one that excluded an entire group of immigrants on the basis of ethnicity.
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
These two tactics of how plantation laborers “resisted” in everyday work.
Working slowly, Staying on the lookout for the planter/manager, Destroying plantation property (Choose 2)
This was the type of labor that led to the stereotypical view of Chinese workers as cheap and exploitable.
Coolie Labor
These are two major pull factors that “pulled” Chinese immigrants to America.
Gold Rush/Gold Mountain Myth, Labor Shortage in America, Infrastructure Development, Entrepreneurship, Unequal Treaties (Choose 2)
This was a method was utilized by both Japanese and Korean immigrant men to accelerate the establishment of families in America
Picture Brides System
This court case officially denied the Japanese citizenship on the basis that they were not Caucasian.
1922 Ozawa v. US
This community organization wrote letters to Supreme Court and hired white attorneys to represent Chinese immigrants in court cases.
Chinese 6 Companies
This provided a moral justification for white American intervention in the Philippines and Hawaii by claiming that white Americans could “uplift” colonized peoples by bringing civilization to them.
White Man’s Burden
This is a major push factor that “pushed” Asian Indians, Filipinos, and Koreans to America.
Colonization (British imperialism in India, Japanese colonization in Korea, US/Spanish colonization in Philippines)
These ethnic groups were associated with bachelor societies.
South Asian/Indian, Chinese, and Filipino.
This diplomatic agreement effectively stopped Japanese immigration of laborers and prostitutes, but allowed women and children.
Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907
These are two examples of interethnic labor unions that advocated class solidarity.
Japanese-Mexican Labor Association, Hawaiian Laborers’ Association
This was a concept that propelled the idea that the East was voiceless, subservient and docile, helping Europeans to justify colonization of Asia.
Orientalism
These are two major push factors that “pushed” Japanese immigrants to America.
Meiji Restoration, Taxation/Landlessness, Threat of Colonization, Irwin Convention, Unequal Treaties (Choose 2)
This group was stereotyped as a threat to white purity due to their supposed ability to “corrupt” white women and openness to create interracial relationships.
Filipinos
This act outlawed Chinese prostitutes from entering the United States, effectively stopping the immigration of all Chinese women.
Page Act of 1875
This ethnic group owned firearms to protect themselves from racial violence at work.
Filipinos
This main ideology helped justify white, Anglo-Saxon Americans expansionism and colonization in Hawaii and Philippines.
Manifest Destiny
This is the reason the HSPA recruited Filipino immigrants to Hawaii.
To lessen the growing power/labor resistance of the Japanese plantation laborers.
In Hawaii, Asian immigrant men were often delegated to labor such as ________, while Asian immigrant women often had to work _________.
Agricultural labor; Double duty (household and fieldwork)
This court case officially denied Asian Indians citizenship on the basis that their skin was “not white.”
1923 Thind vs. US
This was another form of resistance utilized to act as a “voice” for different ethnic groups.
Ethnic publications/newspapers
This was a perspective that Asian American immigrants commonly held about their labor duration in the US, and why they often did not bring their families or create long-established ethnic communities.
Sojourner Mentality