Vulnerable & High Risk Populations
The population of pregnant woman who are at the greatest risk for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
Who are the Adolescents?
An exercise to help stretch lower back muscles and relieve back pain.
What are pelvic rock exercises?
This phenomenon is the result of the doubling of plasma volume as pregnancy progresses.
What is physiological/dilutional anemia?
Vulnerable period of the developing embryo.
What are weeks 3 through 8?
A patient with a BMI < 18.5.
When is an underweight patient identified?
The fetal heart rate should increase by 15 more beats per min. for 15 seconds within a 20 minute period.
A positive non-stress test indicates the fetus is well-oxygenated during movements.
A danger sign of pregnancy that might occur in any trimester slowly or abruptly.
What is vaginal bleeding?
The racial population with the highest pregnancy-related mortality rate in the US.
Who are the Black race?
Goodell's, Chadwick's, Braxton Hicks, and hCG+ urine
What are the probable signs of pregnancy?
During pregnancy the heart rate increases and stroke volume increases which causes the heart to pump a higher volume of blood per minute.
What is cardiac output?
Fundal location at the 20th week.
When does the fundus reach the umbilicus?
Food group with the greatest amount of nutrients.
What are complex carbohydrates?
An increased fetal protein found in maternal blood during the first trimester (maternal serum marker) that indicates an increase risk of a fetal neural tube defect such as spina bifida.
What is Alpha Fetalprotein?
Patient instruction for fetal movements.
What are fetal kick counts?
This group of women are at risk to have a newborn with a trisomy such as Down, Patau, or Edwards syndromes.
What fetal risk do women over 35 years face?
The first day of the patient's last menstrual period minus 3 months, add 7 days, then add 1 year.
What is Nagele's Rule?
Even though the volumes of plasma and RBCs increase during pregnancy the blood pressure remains the same because of this peripheral vessel action.
What is vasodilation?
Week of fetal development when the lung L/S ratio is 2:1.
What is week 35 and indication of lung maturity?
Amount of weight all pregnant patients should gain during the second and third trimester.
What is 1 to 1.5 lbs per week?
A targeted ultrasound for high-risk patients that measures fetal muscle tone, movement, amniotic fluid, and practice breathing, along with an NST.
What is the biophysical profile BPP?
Signs of preeclampsia or HELP syndrome.
What are severe, persistent headache with heartburn?
Mother, father, children.
What is a nuclear family structure?
Amenorrhea, nausea and vomiting, and fatigue.
What are presumptive signs of pregnancy?
This hormone stimulates growth of the breast and uterine tissue during pregnancy.
What is estrogen?
A newborn with brushfield spots and palmar simian creases
What are some clinical signs of Down syndrome?
Unpasteurized cheeses, raw seafood, and any uncooked meat.
What foods should be avoided during pregnancy?
Maternal blood is collected to check for any abnormal genes.
What is genetic screening such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell?
Low back pain and pelvic pressure.
What are the signs of early labor/ preterm labor?
These are comorbidities, two common chronic diseases that can lead to poor maternal and fetal outcomes.
What is HTN and Diabetes?
The cervix and vaginal tissues have a bluish tint.
What is Chadwick's sign?
Progesterone helps to build and maintain a thickened endometrium for an embryo as well as causing some permanent skin changes on the abdomen.
What are striae gravidarum?
Cystic fibrosis and Sickle cell disease.
What are two autosomal recessive inherited diseases?
Pregnant women should be taught to increase fresh fruits and vegetables and plenty of water.
What ideas should nurses recommend for pregnant women who experience constipation?
An invasive test performed under ultrasound that provides information about chromosomal defects or NTDs, and that carries risks of infection, unexpected labor, and injury.
What is an amniocentesis?
Persistent unrelieved pyrosis
What is persistent heartburn?
The most vulnerable family structure.
What is the single parent?
A nurse categorizes this patient:
A 36 year old patient with 4 children. A set of twins delivered at 36 weeks. A daughter delivered at 33 weeks and another daughter delivered at 37 weeks. Last year she delivered a 27-week stillborn.
What is 41304?
Low back pain and a waddling gait.
What are some musculoskeletal changes due to increased progesterone in pregnancy?
Fetal life begins.
What occurs at the 9th gestational week?
The nutrients in the maternal blood are actively transported across and into the fetal vessels ending up in the umbilical vein.
How does the fetus receive nutrition?
Given to mothers who are Rh negative and their fetus is Rh positive.
What is Rhogam/ Immunoglobulin D?
A nurse providing care based on acceptable standards of care and that another reasonably prudent nurse would provide in similar circumstances.
What is Standard of Care?
A 22 year-old with 3 pregnancies and two children is not a nulligravida.
What is a multigravida and mulitpara?
Risk associated with increased fibrinogen levels and decreased fibrinolytic activity during pregnancy.
What are blood clots or deep vein thrombosis?
Vitamin B9 for neurological cellular growth and development.
What is folic acid.
Inhibit nutrition and growth of the fetus.
What is tobacco/nicotine and substance use?