GPTAL
What does the G, T, P, A, L mean in the 5 digit system?
Gravida - # of pregnancies
Term - # of term births (after 37 wk)
Preterm - # of preterm births (20-36 wk)
Abortion - prior to 20 wks
Living - current alive children
What is Naegele’s Rule?
It determines a patients EDC or due date.
A pregnant patient comes to the hospital with folic acid deficiency anemia. As a nurse, what do you think the doctor will order and what can this deficiency cause?
Folate supplement (400-600 mcg)
- can cause neural tube defectsA patient is between 16-20 weeks pregnant. What diagnostic tests may she receive?
Hb/hct
Ultrasound
Maternal AFP (to identify neural tube defects)
A first-time mother comes into the ER concerned about her baby's heart rate. The nurse reassures her that a fast heartbeat is normal. What is the typical heart rate range for a fetus?
110-160 bpm
Your pregnant client tells you that she has been pregnant twice before. She had a miscarriage with the first pregnancy at 8 weeks gestation. With the second pregnancy she delivered twin boys at 30 weeks gestation, but the babies died two days after birth. The nurse should record the patient’s G/P as ?
Gravida 3
Para 1
AB 1
How do you determine the due date?
First day of LMP - 3 months + 7 days = EDC
Sarah is an estimated 24-28 weeks pregnant. What diagnostic testing may she might receive?
Glucose Tolerance Test (>140 abnormal)
A first time mother comes into the doctors office complaining of first trimester discomforts. What might this patient be experiencing?
Nausea/ vomitting
Urinary frequency
Increased vaginal discharge
Breast tenderness
Bloody nose/ nasal congestion
Ptyalism
Your client is pregnant for the fourth time. At home, she has a child who was born at term. Her second pregnancy ended at 10 weeks gestation. She then gave birth to twins at 35 weeks gestation. One twin died 3 days after birth.
G= 4
T= 1
P= 1
A= 1
L= 2
Amy’s last menstrual period (LMP) was June 6, 2020. What would her EDC be?
March 13, 2021
Laresha is 35-37 weeks pregnant. What diagnostic testing might she receive?
Strep test
Hb/hctA second-time mother visits her doctor during the third trimester, reporting discomfort that she also felt in the second trimester. What common symptoms might she be experiencing at this stage?
Heartburn (pyrosis)
Dyspnea
Faintness
Back Pain
Ankle edema
Varicose veins
Leg cramps
Hemorrhoids
Constipation
Flatulence
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Your client is pregnant for the fifth time. She has two children at home, both born at term. Her third pregnancy resulted in a stillbirth at 24 weeks gestation. Her fourth pregnancy ended in a miscarriage at 8 weeks gestation.
G= 5
T= 2
P= 1
A= 1
L= 2
Sarah’s last menstrual period (LMP) was September 15, 2021. What would her Estimated Date of Confinement (EDC) be?
June 22nd, 2022
what diagnostic testing with a pregnant patient receive every visit?
Urine dipstick for protein, ketones, and glucose
What are some factors that affects pregnancy?
Substance Abuse
Anemia
HIV/ Aids
Diabetes
Heart disease
Asthma
Epilepsy
Hyper thyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Rheumatoid arthritis
Your client is pregnant for the sixth time. Her first pregnancy resulted in the birth of a child at 38 weeks gestation, who is currently living. Her second pregnancy ended in a miscarriage at 11 weeks gestation. Her third pregnancy resulted in the birth of twins at 34 weeks gestation, both of whom are living. Her fourth pregnancy was an ectopic pregnancy that ended at 8 weeks. Her fifth pregnancy resulted in a stillbirth at 28 weeks gestation.
G=6
T=1
P=2
A=2
L=3
Jessica’s last menstrual period (LMP) was February 10, 2022. What would her Estimated Date of Confinement (EDC) be?
November 17, 2022
What is a TORCH test. What does each letter mean?
It is a test for a group of maternal infections that can be transferred to the baby.
T= toxoplasmosis
O= other (hiv, aids, varicella, hepatitis b, strep
R= rubella
C= cytomegalovirus
H= herpes type 2