anthropology
These three methods/tools are central in social and cultural anthropology.
What are (1) ethnographic research, (2) participant observation, and (3) fieldnotes?
The question that anthropologist Lila Abu Lughod asked (and answered) in her famous essay on Western (U.S.) attitudes vis-à-vis women in the Middle East.
What is: "Do Muslim women really need saving?" (Answer?)
Any observable thing (including a sound, word, object, gesture, placement…) that carries a meaning or meanings.
What is a 'sign'?
This is the most common kinship system found in the U.S.
What is bilineal kinship?
This is the author of the essay "Betwixt and Between."
Who is Victor Turner?
Collectively, these are known as the "four fields" of anthropology.
What are (1) social/cultural anthropology; (2) physical/biological anthropology; (3) archaeology; (4) linguistic anthropology?
This organization authored anthropology's "Code of Ethics" in the U.S.
What is the American Anthropological Association?
This posits that language does not simply mirror or reflect reality, but also shapes it.
What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?
These are three major topics covered by scholars of "new kinship studies"?
What are adoption, technological changes to reproduction, and queer family-making?
These are some features of the liminal stage in rites of passage. (Name 3-5)
What are: same clothing, no clothing, obedience, symbolic death, equality, and "breaking down to build back up"?
These four adjectives describe important characteristics of scholarship in social/cultural anthropology.
What are ethnographic, holistic, comparative, critical?
This distinction, drawn by Renato Rosaldo, draws a line between a modest doctrine that allows you to make ethical judgements, as long as you engage people whose behavior you disagree with, and a much broader ‘anything goes’ philosophy.
What is cultural vs. ethical relativism?
This is the process by which a given sign changes meaning because of time, place, proximity to other signs, or other factors.
What is resignification?
As opposed to kinship by blood or by marriage, this is a third kind—as exemplified in the practice of "compadrazgo."
What is fictive kinship?
These are two important aspects of a ritual object.
What are its sensory and ideological aspects?
These four "big ideas" are at the heart of anthropology as a discipline.
What are:
1. People are very different all over the world and in different times and situations…and they are also basically the same.
2. Believing that your specific way of doing things is the natural/good/moral/right/only way to do them, is a human universal.
3. Humans create the worlds they live in, and then they are also created by them.
4. People’s most fundamental and important beliefs about the world show up in the tiniest everyday behaviors—often when they are not aware of it.
This course reading uses comparison in explicit or implicit ways. (Please describe, in brief, the comparison used.)
Multiple possible responses:
What are the articles by Miner, Lee, Gibbs, or Basso?
(I will accept others—provided you give details & explain!)
According to Keith Basso, this is the condition under which Western Apache may choose to remain silent.
What are conditions of ambiguity?
(Examples include: being with someone who is sad, during a verbal argument/altercation, when children come home after a long absence, in dating/courtship, and meeting with strangers)
This kinship system was described in Goldstein's article "When Brothers Share a Wife."
What is fraternal polyandry?
These are some features of a ritual. (Name 3)
What are (any 3 of): organized action(s), historical continuity, set sequence, ritual objects, objects and actions stand for something beyond themselves, and the practice itself is seen as non-instrumental?
This is thought of as the central concept in social or cultural anthropology. (Please also offer a definition of the concept itself.)
What is the culture concept?
Defined as: an approach to studying collective groups of humans, focusing on systems of meaning and action that are (1) patterned, (2) learned, (3) shared, and (4) contested?
These two rituals are compared by Mark Auslander in his article "How Families Work."
What are the mugeniso ritual in West Africa and December holiday rituals in the U.S.?
These are the two domains of language analyzed by Janet McIntosh in "Crybabies and Snowflakes."
What are (1) the language of the U.S. right and (2) the language used in military basic training?
Cousins of this kind used to be preferred as marriage partners in South India.
What are "cross-cousins?" (mother's brother's children matchmake with father's sister's )
These are 3 characteristics of red Solo cups, according to D'Costa.
What are convenience, casualness, and "equalizing"?