What is Anthropology?
True or False: Anthropology is the study of dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals
False - Anthropology is the study of humans, human behavior, and societies in the past and present.
True or False: Archaeology is full of adventure and treasure hunting, such as what's depicted in movies like the Indiana Jones films.
False. Archaeology is primarily rigorous and systematic field methods, laborious lab hours, and lots of paperwork.
Name a non-invasive sampling method.
Acceptable answers include:
-Aerial Survey
-Metal Detectors
-LiDAR
-Magnetometers
-Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR)
Seriation is a type of _________ dating technique
Seriation is a type of relative dating technique.
True or False: You can use thermoluminescence on trees.
False
Name the four subfields of anthropology.
Cultural anthropology, physical/biological anthropology, linguistics, and archaeology
What is the definition of archaeology?
Archaeology is defined as the study of the past through the systematic recovery and analysis of material culture (objects).
True or False: Systematic sampling is when units are placed to maximize artifact and/or feature recovery
False. Targeted sampling is when units are placed to maximize artifact and/or feature recovery.
True or False: Uranium series dating is useful in areas with volcanic activity.
False. Uranium series dating is not useful in areas with volcanic activity. This is why it is often utilized at prehistoric sites in Europe, instead of Potassium-Argon dating.
What are the three ages of the European Three Age System?
The stone age, the bronze age, and the iron age
Anthropology is broadly recognized as a product of which era?
The Enlightenment era
What are some of the interpretive frameworks associated with postprocessual archaeology?
Emic approaches, feminist archaeology, and agency theory
What do crop marks seen from an aerial survey indicate?
There are likely buried features that are only visible on the surface through their effect on the growth of current plants.
What was the first absolute dating technique to be established in the 20th century?
Dendrochronology
In archaeological dating, what does B.P. stand for? And when is P?
B.P. = before present
P = 1950
True or False: Anthropology has historically played a large role in imperial projects globally
True
What century did archaeology become professionalized in?
The 20th Century
What are the types of maps archaeologists often create in the field?
Plan views
Topographic maps
Profiles
What are the three attribute categories that can be utilized when creating artifact typologies?
Stylistic
Form
Technological
What are the three methodological stages that make up the archeologists approach to the scientific method?
Hypothesis: theory/research question
Excavation: collect data and conduct experiments
Conclusions: prove hypothesis and ask further questions
What are the categories of research methods archaeologists utilize?
Field research - Excavations and ethnography
Qualitative methods - Surveys, focus groups, interviews, etc.
Quantitative methods - Statistical and chemical analyses
Who is associated with stratigraphic excavation and seriation?
Sir William Flinders Petrie
What are the defining aspects of an exploratory survey?
It involves the unknown and is done systematically.
What is the most commonly used absolute dating method?
Carbon 14/Radiocarbon dating
Which dating method would you use on volcanic material?
Potassium-Argon dating