Cultural Ecology
The study of traditional uses of plants for food, construction, dyes, crafts, and medicine.
What is ethnobotany
This term is often applied to a variation of a single language
What is dialect
The romanticized idea that all indigenous cultures lived in perfect harmony with their neighbors and their environment
What is the myth of the noble savage
The practice of alternating between two or more languages or varieties of language in conversation
What is code switching
Development that can meet present needs without damaging the environment or limiting the potential for future generations
What is sustainable development
When small-scale farmers, mostly in tropical developing countries, cut down a forest, and then burn it, clearing the land for cultivation
What is slash-and-burn (or swidden) agriculture
The basic meaningless sounds and syllables of a language
What are phonemes
This term means "shaped or influenced by humans"
What is anthropogenic
This term (TEK) describes indigenous and other traditional knowledge of local resources
What is traditional ecological knowledge
Lands set aside for conservation of the environment for their scenic beauty, biodiversity, recreational value, and other reasons
What are protected areas
Dynamic feedback systems in which cultural and ecological systems self-regulate to promote social stability
What is homeostasis
A collection of phonemes, these are the basic meaningful units in a language
What are morphemes
The field of anthropology that catalogs and preserves archaeological sites and historic places threatened by development
What is cultural resource management
The forced imposition of one language onto a group of speakers of another language; reinforced by social, economic, and cultural pressures
What is linguistic imperialism
Yellowstone National Park, established in 1872, heralded this practice, based on idea that nature must be uninhabited by people
What is nature conservation
The use and knowledge of plants, animals, and ecosystems by traditional societies
What is ethnoecology
The rules by which a language combines morphemes into larger units
What is syntax
The destruction of a culture, often intentionally, through destruction of or removal from their territory, forced assimilation, or acculturation.
What is ethnocide
Making up 90% of communication, this term means the variety of sounds that accompany language, everything from laughter and grunts, to crying and screaming
What is paralanguage
The measure of what people consume and the waste they produce - to calculate the amount of productive land and water they need to support them
What is ecological footprint
A natural area that is untouched or unchanged by human activities and often seen as a cultural construct of the American West
What is wilderness
When children grow up surrounded by adults speaking pidgin, they instinctively apply syntax and grammar, thus creating this type of language
What is creole
An ethnographic approach in which anthropologists include non-human species as active participants in a society or culture and study their influence and actions
The stereotyping of a person based on their accent or their language, associating them with judgments about class, race, gender, and background
What is linguistic profiling
Rather than viewing wilderness as a pristine environment free from human meddling, this paradigm includes humans as part of the natural environment
What is coupled human/natural systems