Fill in the ____
Key Terms
True or False
-ologists
100
__________ anthropology is the study of human biological diversity through time and as it exists in the world today.
Biological
(pg. 11)
100
Reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior and cultural patterns through material remains.
Anthropological Archaeology (archeology)
(pg. 9)
100
Over time, an anthropologist can eventually become a true member of the society they are studying.
No matter how much the ethnographer discovers about that society, they remain an alien there. (pg. 3)
100
Over a century ago, this naturalist/ biologist noticed that the variety that exists within any population permits some individuals (those with the favored characteristics) to do better than others at surviving and reproducing.
Charles Darwin
(pg. 11)
200
Anthropology offers a unique _____________ __________, constantly comparing the customs of one society with those of others.
cross-cultural perspective
(pg. 1)
200
Provides an account of a particular culture, society, or community.
Ethnography
(pg. 8)
200
Culture only applies to human beings, not animals.
(pg. 3)
200
In Tucson, Arizona, this archaeologist studied modern garbage calling it "garbology".
William Rathje
(pg. 10)
300
Ethnographic fieldwork usually entails spending _ ____ __ ____ in another society, living with the local people and learning about their way of life.
a year or more
(pg. 3)
300
Refers to the processes by which organisms cope with environmental forces and stresses, such as those posed by climate and topography or terrains, also called landforms.
Adaptation
(pg. 4)
300
There are a total of four subfields of general anthropology.
(sociocultural, anthropological, biological, & linguistic pg. 7)
300
"Human populations construct their cultures in interaction with one another, and not in isolation" Quoted by:
Eric Wolf (1982)
(pg. 8)
400
Anthropology's foremost professional organization, the ________ ___________ __________ has formally acknowledged a public service role by recognizing that anthropology has two dimensions: (1) academic anthropology and (2) practicing, or applied, anthropology.
American Anthropological Association (AAA)- (not the batteries)
(pg. 12)
400
Studies language in its social and cultural context, throughout the world and over time.
Linguistic anthropology
(pg. 12)
400
Biological anthropologists are getting close to learning when our ancestors acquired the ability to speak by looking at the anatomy of the face, skull, and vocal tract in order to speculate about the origin of language.
We don't (and probably never will) know. (pg. 12)
400
This anthropologist described anthropology as "the science of human similarities and differences". He also stated (which still stands), "Anthropology provides a scientific basis for dealing with the crucial dilemma of the world today: how can peoples of different appearance, mutually unintelligible languages, and dissimilar ways of life get along peaceably together?"
Clyde Kluckhohn (1944)
(pg. 14)
500
___________ answers the question: How do different speakers use a given language?
Sociolinguistics- investigates relationships between social and linguistic variation
(pg. 12)
500
Refers to the study of the whole of the human condition: past, present, and future; biology, society, language, and culture.
Holism
(pg. 3)
500
Sociologists typically have studied contemporary Western, industrial societies, while anthropologists traditionally focused on nonindustrial and non-Western societies.
(pg. 17)
500
During six months of research at the Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences in Bhubaneswar, India in 2014-2015, this anthropologist gathered stories and personal accounts about the school and its effects.
Christine Finnan
(pg. 15)