hydantoins
what is the prototype of hydantoins?
phenytoin
what are the 2 drugs for this class?
phenobarbital and primidone
What is the prototype for this class?
diazepam
ethosuximide
although this medication is used on all seizure types, it can also be used as prevention of these two diagnoses?
migraine headache and mania
what is the MOA of Hydantoins?
works on nerve membranes to decrease excitability and hyperexcitability
inhibiting impulse conduction in the asceding reticular activation system is this meds what?
MOA
what cardiovascular system adverse effect is the most serious?
GI symptoms are the most common adverse effect with this medication. what are symptoms you might see?
anorexia, N/V, abdominal pain, weight loss, constipation, diarrhea
The MOA of this med is to reduce abnormal electrical actibity in the brain and also increase this activity in the brain, what is this?
GABA
What is the main GI effect of this medication?
gingival hyperplasia
what is an adverse effect of this class of medication related to the CNS system and what are symptoms of this?
what is CNS depression, with sedation, coma or death
hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia and edema
bone marrow suppression, including potentially fatal pancytopenia
The box warning is potentially fatal due to toxicity of this organ, what is this organ?
liver
IV phenytoin is incompatible with this IV fluid, what is this fluid?
dextrose
children may experience this adverse effect while taking this medication
what is excitation instead of sedation
This med has a box warning, what class of medication should not be taken with this?
opioids
what are the dermatologic effects?
Rash, pruritus, alopecia, stevens-johnson
this warning is for pregnant woman's fetus, what is this term
teratogenic
Box Warning on this medication is to monitor serum level for phenytoin as it could cause these symptoms of toxicity, what are the symptoms?
nystagmus, ataxia, sedation, blurred/double vision
This medication has this potential if taken long term and then discontinuing it
what is physical dependence and withdrawal syndrome
what is the antidote for this med?
flumazenil
what is the serum level for this medication?
40-100 mcg/ml
this medication requires monitoring which labs?
bleeding time and platelet count, LFT's, serum amylase (pancreatitis)