Penicillin
this is an adverse reaction with use of penecillins (and other abx) when a secondary infection occurs due to the disturbance of the body's natural flora.
What is superinfection
Cephlasporin adverse reactions include GI disturbances, alteraltion in blood clotting time. But in large doses, this condition that causes toxicity to the kidneys.
What is nephrotoxicity
These abx are considered broad spectrum and are commonly used to treat STI, skin and soft tissue infections, and RI. It includes azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin.
Macrolides
to prevent injury from this potential side effect, the nurse would educate the pt to wear long sleeve shirts, hats, and sunglasses
What is photosensitivity
The nurse would educate the pt to do what in order for the abx to be effective?
What is take medication as prescribed.
This structure found on penicillin's' interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the bacterial enzyme. This is necessary for cell division and cell synthesis
What is beta-lactam ring structure
Ingesting this while taking cephalosporins can result in flushing, dizziness, headaches, NV, and muscluar cramps; similar to a disulfiram-like reaction
What is alcohol
This is the drug of choice for treatment of mycoplasmal pnumonia and Legionnaires' disease.
What is Erythromycin
Unlike the rest of the tetracyclines, these 2 should be taken with food to improve absorption
what is doxycycline and minocycline
The nurse would educate the pt to avoid these, since they can inhibit the absorption of tetracycline in the GI tract
What is antacids and iron- containing drugs, milk and foods high in calcium
This commonly used broad spectrum penicillin is used to treat respiratory infections, rheumatic fever, skin infections, and UTIs.
What is Amoxicillin
Unlike third generation; this generation of cephlasporins are destroyed by beta-lactamases. This generation, inlcuding cefazolin sodium, is also effective in treating gram positive bacteria
What is first generation
Macrolides can increase serum levels of theophylline, carbamazepine, and this anti coagulant.
what is Warfarin
This short acting tetracycline is used to treat anthrax, plague, MRSA, STI, UTI, RI, and skin infections
What is tetracycline
The nurse would vigilently observe the pt receving vancomyocin for this adverse reaction, which can result in reddening of the skin. In this case, the nurse would discontinue the medication
What is Red Man Syndrome or Red neck syndrome
This beta-lactamase inhibitor is used with broad spectrum antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, to make this combination medication (Augmentin)more effective.
What is clavulanic acid
cephalexin, cefadroxil, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefdinir, cefprozil, cefixime, cefpoxoxime, cefditoren, and ceftibuten are only administered via this route
This OTC can decrease the peak level of azithromycin
What is antacids
Pediatrics under the age of 8 yrs should avoid tetracycline because of this
Discoloration of permanent teeth
The nurse would monitor these labs in a pt receiving a large amount of macrolides for an extended period of time.
What is liver function tests; AST, ALT
This group of penicillins are used to treat penicillinase-producing S. aureus. These are not effective against gram positive organisms. Examples include naficillin, dicloxacillin sodium, and oxacilin sodium.
What is Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins
Around 10% of people allergic to this antibacterial are also allergic to cephalosporins. This is because both groups molecularity similar
What are penicillins
The pharmacodynamics of macrolides
What is suppress bacterial protein synthesis
Women contemplating pregnancy should avoid tetracyclines becasue of this
The education that would be provided to a pt taking tetracycline and oral birth control
What is Back up, barrier method of birth control