Basics
This is when bacteria no longer respond to antibiotics.
What is antibiotic resistance?
Using antibiotics when not needed is called this.
What is overuse?
These prokaryotic organisms are commonly targeted by antibiotics due to their role in infectious disease.
What are bacteria?
Resistance makes infections harder to do this.
What is treat?
You should always do this when taking antibiotics.
What is complete the full course?
“Superbugs” are another name for these.
What are resistant bacteria?
Stopping antibiotics early is called this.
What is non-completion?
Many antibiotics target this process involving ribosomes.
What is protein synthesis?
Approximate global deaths per year due to resistance.
What is 700,000?
Antibiotics should not be used for these infections.
What are viral infections?
Antibiotics are designed to treat these organisms.
What are bacteria?
Random DNA changes that may create resistance are called this.
What are mutations?
β-lactam antibiotics target this bacterial structure.
What is the cell wall?
These infections are commonly acquired in hospitals.
What are nosocomial infections
Vaccines reduce infections and therefore reduce this.
What is antibiotic use?
This type of gene transfer requires direct cell-to-cell contact.
What is conjugation?
Antibiotic use creates this pressure favoring resistant bacteria.
What is selective pressure?
This enzyme involved in DNA replication is targeted by some antibiotics
What is DNA gyrase?
This test determines which antibiotics will work on bacteria.
What is antibiotic susceptibility testing?
This therapy uses viruses to kill bacteria.
What is bacteriophage therapy?
This enzyme breaks down β-lactam antibiotics like penicillin.
What is β-lactamase?
This process explains why resistant bacteria survive and reproduce.
What is natural selection?
This mechanism removes antibiotics from the cell.
What are efflux pumps?
This practice ensures proper antibiotic use in healthcare.
What is antibiotic stewardship?
This global problem could make infections untreatable in the future.
What is the antibiotic resistance crisis?