Penicillins
Penicillins bind PBPs and prevent _____.
What is peptidoglycan cross-linking?
This generation is classically associated with MSSA and Streptococcus coverage and includes cefazolin.
What is 1st generation?
This class contains meropenem, ertapenem, and imipenem/cilastatin and has extremely broad antimicrobial coverage.
What are carbapenems?
These two antibiotic classes inhibit the 30S ribosomal subunit.
What are aminoglycosides and tetracyclines?
This class inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.
What are fluoroquinolones?
This natural penicillin is the drug of choice for syphilis.
What is penicillin G?
This cephalosporin is commonly used for surgical prophylaxis.
What is cefazolin?
This carbapenem lacks activity against Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Enterococcus.
What is ertapenem?
This drug class is associated with nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity and can be used synergistically with β-lactams for gram-positive endocarditis.
What are aminoglycosides?
This antibiotic inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase and can turn body fluids red-orange.
What is rifampin?
This penicillin is the targeted drug of choice for MSSA.
What is nafcillin, oxacillin, or dicloxacillin?
This third-generation cephalosporin covers Neisseria and is commonly used for gonorrhea.
What is ceftriaxone?
This β-lactam is primarily active against gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas, with no gram-positive coverage.
What is aztreonam?
This antibiotic is the drug of choice for many tick-borne illnesses and works at the 30S ribosomal subunit.
What is doxycycline?
This drug generates free radicals that damage DNA and is a major treatment for anaerobic infections.
What is metronidazole?
This aminopenicillin is the drug of choice for Enterococcus.
What is Amoxicillin/Ampicillin?
This fourth-generation cephalosporin covers Pseudomonas but lacks Enterococcus and anaerobic coverage.
What is cefepime?
This class of β-Lactams is the drug of choice for ESBL-producing organisms.
What are carbapenems?
This 50S inhibitor is particularly associated with C. difficile infection and is also used for toxin suppression in toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis.
What is clindamycin?
A patient receiving this antibiotic develops tendon pain and is also taking a medication containing polyvalent cations. Identify the antibiotic class.
What are fluoroquinolones?
This β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination provides broad coverage including Pseudomonas and anaerobes.
What is Piperacillin-tazobactam?
This fifth-generation cephalosporin is unique because it binds PBP2a and therefore covers MRSA.
What is ceftaroline?
A patient with a severe IgE-mediated allergy to β-lactams is given this drug.
What is aztreonam?
This antibiotic inhibits formation of the 70S ribosome, covers MRSA and VRE, has essentially equivalent IV and PO bioavailability, and can cause thrombocytopenia with prolonged therapy.
What is linezolid?
his antibiotic is particularly useful for C. difficile because it inhibits RNA polymerase, is minimally absorbed from the GI tract, and helps preserve normal GI flora.
What is fidaxomicin?