Mechanism of Action
A barbiturate that facilitates GABAergic activity by prolonging the opening of the chloride channel associated with the GABAa receptor.
What is Phenobarbital
This AED is an auto-inducer of hepatic microsomal enzymes (p450 system), which can progressively decrease the elimination half-life with chronic dosing
What is Phenobarbital
This term is used to denote toxic serum concentration of bromide.
Daily double: treatment
What is Bromism?
This is considered a primary treatment option for epilepsy in dogs and cats.
Suspected MOA is hyper polarization of the neuron via the movement of bromide ions intracellularly through chloride channels
What is Potassium Bromide
The half-life of KBr in dogs is approximately.
What is 25 days?
Like other sulfonamide drugs, this AED can cause KCS
What is Zonisamide?
The risk of hepatotoxicity appears to increase above this serum level of Phenobarbital.
What is 40 mcg/ml
Facilitates GABA-mediated inhibition and therefore increases intracellular chloride flux
What is Lorazepam?
This medication is reabsorbed in the renal tubules through chloride channels, and therefore renal disease and changes of chloride in diet can affect its clearance
What is KBr?
This disease may be associated with use of KBr.
What is pancreatitis?
Elevation of this liver enzyme may be a more specific indicator of hepatotoxicity with Phenobarbital.
What is ALT?
By altering the fast inactivation threshold of voltage-dependent sodium channels, this AED reduces sustained high-frequency repetitive firing of action potentials.
What is Zonisamide
The coadministration of Phenobarbital has been shown to shorten the half-life of these AED.
What is Zonisamide and Keppra?
Can cause an idiosyncratic hepatopathy in cats
What is oral diazepam?
Other than hepatotoxicity, Phenobarbital can also cause this issue/disease.
What is bone marrow suppression?
This drug binds selectively to a synaptic vescicular protein so altering the synaptic release of glutamate and GABA.
What is Levetiracetam (Keppra)
About 90% of this drug is excreted in the urine.
What is Keppra?
Unlike Phenobarbital, this AED can cause a idiosyncratic hepatopathy in dogs.
What is Zonisamide?
In addition to having GABAergic activity, Phenobarbital is believed to inhibit these 2 things.
What is Gutamate receptors and voltage- gated Ca channels?