Chemical Level of Organization
Which of the following best describes sugar?
a) Inorganic
b) Solvent
c) Hydrophilic
d) Hydrophobic
c) Hydrophilic
Cholesterol is found embedded within both sides of the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
Which of the following occurs as the amount of cholesterol DECREASES within the cell membrane?
a) The cell membrane flexibility remains unchanged
b) The cell membrane becomes less flexible and more rigid
c) The cell membrane becomes more flexible and less rigid
d) The cell membrane rigidity remains unchanged
b) The cell membrane becomes less flexible and more rigid
As the amount of cholesterol within the cell membrane decreases, the membrane becomes more flexible and less rigid.
Which of the following is a tissue membrane that lines the hollow cavities and passageways of the body that are open to the external environment?
a) Connective Tissue Membrane
b) Mucous Membrane
c) Cutaneious Membrane
d) Synovial Membrane
b) Mucous Membrane
Mucous membranes are epithelial tissue membranes that line the hollow cavities and passageways of the body that open to the external environment, including the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracs.
What type of burn affects both the epidermis and a portion of the dermis and is characterized by blisters?
a) First-Degree Burn
b) Second-Degree Burn
c) Third-Degree Burn
d) Fourth-Degree Burn
b) Second-Degree Burn
The relationship between the skull and brain demonstrates which specific function of the skeletal system?
a) Production of blood cells
b) Facilitation of movement
c) Storage of minerals and fat
d) Protection of organs
d) Protection of organs
a) Hydrolysis
b) Dehydration Synthesis
c) Hydrophic
d) Organic
a) Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds
What is the characteristic of plasma membranes allowing only some substances to move through known as?
a) Passive Membrane Transport
b) Selective Permeability
c) Osmosis
d) Active Membrane Transport
b) Selective Permeability
The characteristic of the plasma membrane allowing only some substances to move through is known as selective permeability.
A type of epithelial tissue that containing cells that can change shapes as the tissue stretches is reffered to as which of the following?
a) Simple columnar epithelium
b) Simple squamous epithelium
c) Stratified squamous epithelium
d) Transitional epithelium
d) Transitional epithelium
This tissue consists of multiple layers of epithelial cells that can contract and expand in order to adapt to the degree of distension needed (i,e, the urinary bladder).
What type of burn goes through the epidermis, the dermis, and into the hypodermis?
a) First-Degree Burn
b) Second-Degree Burn
c) Third-Degree Burn
d) Fourth-Degree Burn
c) Third-Degree Burn
a) Production of blood cells
b) Protection of organs
c) Facilitation of movement
d) Storage of minerals and fats
c) Facilitation of movement
Which of the following is the most abundant monosaccharide in the human body?
a) Glucose
b) Glycogen
c) Fructose
d) Galactose
a) Glucose
Which of the following describes the role of mitochondria?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Powering the house of the cell
c) Breakdown and digestion of unneeded cellular components
d) Generation of ATP
d) Generation of ATP
Turn in your caduceus if you didn't know this.
Which of the following glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream?
a) Mucous gland
b) Serous gland
c) Endocrine gland
d) Exocrine gland
c) Endocrine gland
What is the primary function of melanocytes?
a) Thermoregulation
b) Protection from UV Radiation
c) Sensory Function
d) Vitamin D Synthesis
b) Protection from UV Radiation
Upon exposure to UV light, melanocytes increase melanin production. The melanin will move into the keratinocytes, darkening the tone of the skin and increasing protection against potential UV light damage.
Which of the following is the specific function of yellow bone marrow?
a) Production of blood cells
b) Protection of organs
c) Storage of calcium
d) Storage of minerals and fats
d) Storage of minerals and fats
Bones serve as a site for the storage of lipid (fat) and blood cell production. The softer connective tissue that fills the interior of most bone is referred to as bone marrow. Yellow bone marrow found inside of bones contains adipose tissue for fat and mineral storage.
Which of the following is the storage form of lipid and the most abundant lipid in the human body?
a) Prostaglandin
b) Triglyceride
b) Steroid
c) Phospholipid
b) Triglyceride
Triglycerides are the storage form of lipids containing glycerol and three fatty acids. Triglycerides are the most abundant lipids in the human body.
Which of the following is the most compact and coiled form of DNA?
a) Chromosome
b) Nucleosome
c) DNA Polymerase
d) Chromatin
a) Chromosome
In which of the following methods of secretion are the secretory products released once the entire cell ruptures?
a) Holocrine secretion
b) Merocrine secretion
c) Apocrine secretion
d) Endocrine secretion
a) Holocrine secretion
Holocrine secretion is a form of exocrine secretion where the cell ruptures, releasing all products.
Which layer of epidermis is found in thick but not thin skin?
a) Stratum granulosum
b) Stratum basale
c) Stratum Lucidum
d) Stratum spinosum
c) Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Lucidum is unique to thick skin
Which of the following is referred to as the lengthwise growth of long bones?
a) Secondary ossification center
b) Interstitial growth
c) Primary ossification center
d) Appositional growth
b) Interstitial growth
The epiphyseal (growth) plate is responsible for the longitudinal growth of a long bone, called interstitial growth.
DNA and ATP are organic macromolecules that are made up of which of the following monomers?
a) Fatty acids
b) Nucleotides
c) Amino Acids
d) Monosaccharides
b) Nucleotides
Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and ATP
Where specifically does transcription occur in the cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Ribosomes
d) Golgi Apparatus
a) Nucleus
Transcription occurs in the cell nucleus and involves DNA sequences being converted to mRNA sequences
Ligaments and tendons are examples of which of the following connective tissue types?
a) Dense connective tissue
b) Fluid connective tissue
c) Loose connective tissue
d) Supportive connective tissue
a) Dense connective tissue
A squamous cell carcinoma derives from cells in which layer of the epidermis?
a) Stratum Granulosum
b) Stratum Corneum
c) Stratum Basale
d) Stratum Spinosum
d) Stratum Spinosum
An x-ray diagnoses a fracture of the tibia where several breaks result in many small pieces between two large segments.
Which of the following refers to that specific type of fracture?
a) Transverse fracture
b) Impacted fracture
c) Greenstick fracture
d) Comminuted fracture
d) Comminuted fracture
Comminuted fractures are those several breaks that result in many small pieces between two large segments.