Cardiovascular (Pt. 1)
The largest and strongest heart chamber
Left ventricle
SA nodal cells aka autorhythmic cells are also called...
Pacemaker cells
Name the 3 types of blood vessels
artery, vein, and capillary
Name the function of capillaries
Site of gas, nutrient, and waste exchange
Our 1st and 2nd line of defense make up this
Innate immunity
The fetal shunt that bypasses the liver and becomes the ligamentum venosum after birth
ductus venosus
Cardiac Output (CO) = ______________
Heart rate (HR) x Stroke volume (SV)
Valves
Name the 3 types of capillaries
Continuous, fenestrated, sinusoid
A fever is an example of this line of defense
2nd line of defense
On an EKG/ECG, what represents ventricular depolarization?
QRS complex
The RMP of autorhythmic cells is...
-60 mV
Name the 3 layers of an artery and vein
Tunica interna (intima), tunica media, tunica externa
This promotes reabsorption when negative on the venule end
Colloid Osmotic Pressure (COP)
The immune cell that kills parasitic worms
Eosinophils
The right atrium receives blood from these 3 structures
superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus
Give all names of the valve that separate the left atrium from the left ventricle
bicuspid valve, left atrioventricular (AV) valve, and mitral valve
The lumen of arteries becoming narrow due to plaque build-up can lead to this clinical application
Atherosclerosis
Name the 3 types of peripheral resistance to blood flow
blood viscosity, blood vessel length, and blood vessel lumen/diameter size
Name the 3 stages of a fever
Onset, Stadium, and Defervescence
In the cardiac cycle, the maximum amount of blood before the ventricles contract in Isovolumetric Contraction is called...
end-diastolic volume (EDV)
Name the 3 factors that influence stroke volume (SV)
inotropic agents, venous return, afterload
Name the 4 hormones that affect blood pressure
aldosterone, angiotensin II, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Name the 2 of local regulatory factors that act as vasodilators
Histamine and bradykinin
During inflammation, the ability for leukocytes to squeeze themselves through blood vessels is called...
Diapedesis