People
Who is Rosa parks?
Secretary of NAACP, spurred the Montgomery Bus Boycott
Explain Brown v. Board of Education in 1954
1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated.
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1875 do ?
law that banned discrimination in public facilities and transportation
What did the NAACP do for African Ameircan people?
to abolish segregation and discrimination and to achieve political and civil rights for African Americans.
What is the definition of Segregation?
Separation of people based on racial, ethnic, or other differences
Who is Claudette Colvin?
young woman who at the age of 15, in March 1955, refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery bus (before Rosa Parks)
Explain the Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
a Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine
explain Freedom Rides
Activists rode interstate buses into the segregated Southern United States to challenge non-enforcement of Supreme Court decisions
What is National Urban League?
an interracial organization formed in 1910 to help solve social problems facing African Americans who lived in the cities
What does FBI mean / Do
an agency of the Justice Department responsible for investigating violations of Federal laws
Who is Ella Baker?
Black Woman activist, executive director of the SCLC; urged student leaders who had encouraged sit-ins to create their own organization
what did the 13th amendment do
abolished slavery and involuntary servitude throughout the United States
Explain the Montgomery Bus Boycott
A sustained, nonviolent protest that followed Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat on a bus, leading to a Supreme Court ruling desegregating public buses.
What is the SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference)
Civil rights organization formed in 1957 by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and other leaders.
Explain the Assassination of MLK Jr.
April 4, 1968; murdered while standing on the balcony of his motel in Memphis; killed by James Earl Ray
Who is John Lewis?
student leader of SNCC who organized sit-ins, spoke in Washington, & marched in Selma
what did the 14th Amendment do
It granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including formerly enslaved people.
Explain it Birmingham Campaign
Peaceful protests, sit-ins, and marches aimed at desegregating businesses and civic leaders
What is CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) do
an organization that sought to apply non-violent protest as means of fighting segregation
Explain the Assassination of Malcolm X
February 21, 1965, the black leader Malcolm X was assassinated as he started to address a rally in New York City
Who is James Farmer?
Civil rights leader who founded the Congress of Racial Equality
What did the 15th Amendment do?
This amendment prohibited states from denying or limiting a citizen's right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude
Explain the March on Washington
A large-scale demonstration for civil and workers' rights, featuring prominent speeches and further highlighting the need for equality.
What are the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
Union founded by A.Philip Randolph in 1925 to help African Americans who worked for the Pullman Company.
Explain the Assassination of JFK
On November 22, 1963, Kennedy arrived in Dallas with his wife, Jacqueline. As the president and the First Lady rode through the streets in an open car, several shots rang out. Kennedy slumped against his wife.