Early Africans
Rebellions
Characteristics of Slave Labor
Misc
Vocab
100
Identify 1 role that 15th & 16th century Africans in the Americas played
- Conquistadores (often in hopes of gaining their freedom)
- Enslaved laborers
- Free skilled workers and artisans
100
What was significant about the Haitian Revolution?
It was the first and only successful slave rebellion that led to the creation of a country
100
The U.S Government banned the Atlantic Slave Trade in what year?
1808
100
This port city in a former Southern colony was the center of slave trading in the present day U.S
Charleston, S.C
100
In 1739 this African leader attempted to lead a band slaves from the colony of South Carolina to Spanish Florida to seek asylum
Jemmy/Cato
200
He was an enslaved African healer from Morocco, and during 1528 he was an explorer and translator in Texas & the Southwest. He was killed by an Indigenous group who were resisting Spanish colonialism
Estevanico (Esteban)
200
This 1739 revolution occurred in South Carolina
The Stono Rebellion
200
What was one difference between the gang system and task system?
Enslaved people under the gang system were under strict supervision from an overseer. The workers in the task system had to meet a daily quota and were under less supervision.
200
Identify the legal response to the Stono Rebellion of 1739 by the South Carolina government and describe one of the restrictions.
The creation of the 1740 South Carolina Slave Code
- Restrictions (forbidden to assemble, no drumming, prohibited to learn to read or write, faced consequences for self defense)
200
What was the difference between Chattel Slavery from the 15th century onward and traditional forms of slavery prior to that point?
Chattel slavery considered the slaves and their descendants as property in perpetuity (forever). Also, traditional slavery was typically domestic slavery where the enslaved person would be absorbed into the new culture.
300
Who was Juan Garrido?
Juan Garrido → conquistador born Kingdom of Kongo, moved to Lisbon, Portugal.
Joined Spanish expedition to Florida (1513)
maintained freedom while serving in the Spanish military to conquer Indigenous pop.
300
In 1839, more than 30 years after the abolition of the slave trade, a Mende captive from Sierra Leone, _____________ led a group of enslaved Africans in one of the most famous revolts aboard a slave ship named La Amistad
Sengbe Pieh (Joseph Cinqué)
300
Identity at least two ways in which enslaved people resisted or challenged the institution of slavery
- Armed rebellions
- slow downs (intentionally working at a slower pace)
- Used poison on white masters
- Development of creole languages such as Gullah in South Carolina
- Creation of Negro spirituals
300
name the slave code implemented by the French and Spanish in their American colonies
Codigo Negro or Code Noir
300
African American writers sought to counter enslavers’ claims that slavery was a “____ ______” and to advance the cause of abolition.
Benign institution
400
In response to cases such as the case of _________ _____, Virginia lawmakers sought to solidify the institution of slavery by eliminating such legal challenges. The Virginia slave code of 1662 established the principle of partus sequitur ventrem:
Elizabeth Key
400
In 1841, _______ ___________, an enslaved cook, led a mutiny aboard the slave brig, Creole, which transported enslaved people from Virginia to New Orleans. Washington seized the ship and sailed it to the Bahamas, knowing that the British had ended slavery in the West Indian colonies in 1833. As a result, nearly 130 African Americans gained their freedom in the Bahamas.
Madison Washington
400
What was the range and variety of specialized roles performed by enslaved people?
- Skilled larbors (i.e rice cultivators in Southern U.S states
- Specialized trades (such as painters, carpenters, tailors, musicians, and healers)
- Agricultural laborers
- Domestic servants
400
An enslaved person’s journey was usually divided into ____ parts or passages. Identify and describe each part.
First Passage: From the interior of Africa to the Atlantic coastal ports
Middle Passage- From central or western Africa across the Atlantic to the "New World"
Final Passage - from the New World port to their "master"
400
Free or enslaved Africans familiar w/ Iberian culture. Also, Journeyed w/ Europeans in earliest explorations of the Americas;
Ladinos
500
What were the key features and purposes of narratives written by formerly enslaved Africans?
➠ Formerly enslaved Africans detailed their experiences in genres such as slave narratives and poetry.
➠ Slave narratives serve as historical accounts, literary works, and political texts and are examined through interdisciplinary lenses.
➠ As political texts, slave narratives aimed to end slavery and the slave trade, demonstrate Black humanity, and advocate for the inclusion of people of African descent in American society.
500
This 19th century rebellion was led by an enslaved blacksmith who lived and worked near Richmond and plotted to topple (Virginia's) slaveholding regime. The leader hoped to invoke the spirit of the American Revolution, as well as to call out the hypocrisy of American revolutionaries who refused to abolish slavery, he planned to carry a banner that read “Death or Liberty.”
Gabriel's Rebellion, 1800
500
Identify 2 effects of the Cotton Gin
- Increased U.S. cotton productivity
- Caused the displacement of Black people in the Upper South to the labor markets in the Deep South
- Displaced Native Americans from their lands (e.g. Trial of Tears)
- Increased dependency on Cotton as the main cash crop
- led to debates about the future of slavery by Southern and Northern states
500
Identify 2 effects that the Haitian Revolution had on American society.
- creation of more restrictive law codes
- The End of the Atlantic Slave Trade
- influenced slave resistance movements
- inspired African American leaders such as Douglass to seek greater political and economic freedoms
- The sale of the Louisiana Territory in 1803 by President Jefferson
500
This 17th-century law, defined a child’s legal status based on the status of its mother and held significant consequences for enslaved African Americans.
Hint: ______ ______ _______
Partus Sequitur Ventrem