Bone Basics
What type of bone makes up most of the axial skeleton?
Flat and irregular bones
How many bones make up the adult skull?
22
How many facial bones are there?
14
How many vertebrae are in the adult vertebral column?
26
How many pairs of ribs are there?
12
What condition causes abnormal lateral curvature of the spine?
Scoliosis
How many bones are in the adult axial skeleton?
80
What bones form the cranium?
Cranial bones
Which bones form the upper jaw?
Maxillae
What region contains the largest vertebrae?
Lumbar
Which ribs attach directly to the sternum?
True ribs (1–7)
What term describes degeneration of intervertebral discs?
Herniated disc
Which part of the skeleton protects the brain, spinal cord, and thoracic organs?
Axial Skeleton
This bone forms the forehead.
Frontal bone
What bone forms the bridge of the nose?
Nasal bone
Which vertebra allows you to nod “yes”?
Atlas (C1)
What is the function of the thoracic cage?
Protect organs & assist breathing
Which vertebral region is most affected by kyphosis?
Thoracic
Name two functions of the axial skeleton.
Protection, support, attachment for muscles
What is the only movable bone of the skull?
Mandible
This bone forms the posterior part of the hard palate.
Palatine bone
Which vertebra allows you to shake your head “no”?
Axis (C2)
Which ribs do not attach to the sternum at all?
Floating ribs
Why are fontanelles important in infants?
Allow skull growth & childbirth
This classification of bones includes many bones of the skull.
Flat Bones
Name the bone that houses the auditory ossicles.
Temporal bone
Name the facial bone that does not articulate with any other facial bone.
Vomer
Name the spinal curvatures present at birth.
Primary curvatures (thoracic & sacral)
Name the three parts of the sternum.
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Injury to which vertebral region is most likely to affect breathing?
Cervical