Water
Intro to Bio
Intro to Chem
Macromolecules
Misc.
100
What is adhesion?
An attraction between water molecule and other molecules.
100
Define bias.
When your personal connection, opinions, or beliefs interfere with your judgment of something-- often considered to be unfair.
100
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.
100
Many types of this macromolecule are insoluble in water. An example is cholesterol. What kind of macromolecule is it?
Lipid
100
True or false: Inductive reasoning begins with specific observations and ends with a general conclusion.
True.
200
What type of bond forms between the oxygen and hydrogens in a water molecule? What type of bond forms between water molecules?
- Covalent bond
- Hydrogen bond
200
The scientific method and performing experiments is a way we undergo _________ reasoning.
Deductive.
200
Which two parts of amino acids stay the same from amino acid to amino acid?
The amino group and carboxyl group.
200
What two parts make up a lipid?
Glycerol and fatty acids
200
Here is an observation:
My phone will not turn on.
Provide a hypothesis to explain your observation and then provide a prediction that follows the hypothesis.
Example:
Hypothesis: My phone battery is dead.
Prediction: If I plug my phone in, then my phone will turn on.
300
What is cohesion? What causes it? What does it allow for the development of?
Cohesion occurs when water molecules stick together due to hydrogen bonding. This allows for the development of surface tension.
300
Name 3 natural sciences.
Answers can include biology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, earth science
300
Rate the following types of bonds from weakest to strongest:
ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds, van der Waals forces
van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, covalent bonds.
300
What are the 3 types of RNA? Give a brief description of each.
rRNA: makes up ribosomes
tRNA: carries amino acids to ribosomes to build proteins during translation
mRNA: made in transcription and carries codons that contain the blueprint to build proteins
300
Is the following an example of inductive or deductive reasoning:
All flying birds and insects have wings. Birds and insects flap their wings as they move through the air. Therefore, wings enable flight.
Inductive reasoning
400
What is heat of vaporization?
The amount of energy required to change one gram of a liquid substance to gas. Water has a high heat of vaporization.
400
What are two reasons to prove viruses are not alive?
What are two reasons why someone might think a virus is alive?
Not alive:
1) They are not made of cells- instead, they are made up of a protein capsule surrounding RNA
2) they cannot reproduce on their own- need other cells to do so
Alive:
1) they evolve
2) they contain genetic info (RNA)
400
What is the pH of an acid? What does this mean in terms of H+ ions?
What is the pH of a base? What does this mean in terms of H+ ions?
Bonus 200: How is blood pH levels affected by high levels of CO2 after exercise?
An acid has a pH of <7 and has a high concentration of H+ ions.
An acid has a pH of >7 and has a low concentration of H+ ions.
Bonus 200: Blood can become acidic (more H+ ions)
400
What are the monomers of proteins?
What are 3 functions of proteins?
Monomer: amino acids
3 functions:
-regulation, structure, protection, transport, enzymes
400
In the phylogenetic tree below, which organism is most closely related to organism #5? What about most distantly related to organism #5?
Closely related: 4
Distantly related: 1
500
1) Draw a model of a water molecule in order to show its polarity.
2) Show how it bonds to another water molecule through hydrogen bonding.
Teacher judges.
500
Put the following in order from most inclusive to least inclusive:
organs, cells, communities, biome, atoms, ecosystems, organisms
biome, ecosystems, communities, organisms, organs, cells, atoms
500
Which type of isomer has a different arrangement of atoms around a double bond?
Geometric isomer
500
Which properties of water allow it move upward through the trunk of a tree from the roots all the way up to the leaves?
Adhesion and cohesion
600
On a sunny, 90-degree day, you go to the beach. You take off your sandals and start walking in the sand towards the lake. You come to find that the sand is burning hot. You sprint to the water and step in. The water instantly cools you down and you notice how much cooler the water is than the air around you (and the sand!).
What property of water is being demonstrated by this example?
Water's high heat capacity.
600
What are 6 characteristics of living things?
Bonus 100: give me one more...
-order
-sensitivity/respond to stimuli
-reproduction
-growth and development
-regulation
-maintain homeostasis
-energy processing
600
What happens with electrons in polar covalent bonds? What happens with electrons in nonpolar covalent bonds?
Bonus 200: What is an example of each?
Electrons are unequally shared by atoms and are attracted more to one nucleus than the other in polar covalent bonds (water).
Electrons are shared equally by the atoms in a nonpolar covalent bond (methane/CH4)
600
What are two types of naturally occurring fats? What are their states at room temperature? Finally, what is different about their carbon and hydrogen bonds?
Unsaturated fats- liquid at room temperature and contains double bonds
Saturated fats- solid at room temperature and contains all single bonds
600
What are two unique properties of carbon?
-a key component of macromolecules/often the backbone
-it can form covalent bonds with up to 4 different atoms
-each carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell
-can form 4 covalent bonds to fill out shell allowing it to achieve the octet rule
700
Tell me anything you learned about chapter 1, 2, 3...
nice!
700
True or false: dehydration synthesis leads to the breakdown of polymers.
False
700
What are the monomers of nucleic acids? What are the 3 parts of nucleic acids?
What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA?
Monomers: nucleotides
3 parts of nucleotides: sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), nitrogenous base, phosphate group
3 differences between DNA and RNA:
DNA has deoxyribose sugar and RNA has ribose sugar
DNA is a double-stranded helix, RNA is single-stranded
DNA is only in the nucleus and RNA leaves the nucleus
DNA contains C, G, T, A, and RNA contains C, G, U, A
700
What is the trans configuration of trans-fats?
There are double bonds in trans-fats. The hydrogens are on opposite sides of the hydrocarbon chain and therefore have a straight chain appearance
700
What type of reaction splits water as polymers breakdown?
Hydrolysis