Unit 1
This type of bond forms when electrons are shared between atoms.
What is a covalent bond?
This organelle is the site of protein synthesis.
What is the ribosome?
The process by which cells generate ATP in the absence of oxygen.
What is fermentation?
This type of signaling occurs when cells communicate over short distances.
What is paracrine signaling?
This is the genetic material passed from parent to offspring.
What is DNA?
These macromolecules are composed of amino acids.
What are proteins?
The fluid mosaic model describes this cellular structure.
What is the plasma membrane?
This organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell.
What is the mitochondrion?
The cell cycle phase where DNA is replicated.
What is the S phase?
The physical appearance of an organism is referred to as this.
What is the phenotype?
The specific heat of water contributes to this property that allows organisms to maintain homeostasis.
What is thermal stability?
Plant cells have these structures for photosynthesis.
What are chloroplasts?
The enzyme responsible for synthesizing ATP in the electron transport chain.
What is ATP synthase?
Proteins called cyclins regulate this cellular process.
What is the cell cycle?
A heterozygous organism has this combination of alleles.
What is one dominant and one recessive allele?
This type of reaction links monomers into polymers by removing water.
What is dehydration synthesis?
These membrane-bound sacs are used for storage and transport in cells.
What are vesicles?
This cycle produces NADH and FADH2 during cellular respiration.
What is the Krebs cycle (or citric acid cycle)?
This structure forms during cytokinesis in plant cells.
What is the cell plate?
This law states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation.
What is the law of segregation?
The three parts of a nucleotide include these components.
What are a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base?
This is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
What is lipid synthesis?
These pigments absorb light energy for photosynthesis.
What are chlorophylls?
Apoptosis refers to this cellular process.
What is programmed cell death?
The probability of inheriting two independent traits can be calculated using this rule.
What is the rule of multiplication?