UNIT 1
The macromolecule that forms enzymes.
What is protein?
This organelle is found in all cells.
What is a ribosome?
These biological catalysts are vital to cell metabolism.
What are enzymes?
The stage of the cell cycle that includes G1, S, and G2 phases.
What is interphase?
This grid can determine the likelihood of parents passing certain traits down to their offspring.
What is a Punnett square?
The process used to join two monomers.
What is dehydration synthesis?
A model describing the cell membrane and its embedded proteins, steroids, glycoproteins, and glycolipids.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
This step in cellular respiration can occur in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
What is glycolysis?
These molecules relay and amplify an intracellular signal. An example is cAMP.
What are secondary messengers?
These two organelles are involved in nonnuclear inheritance.
What are mitochondria and chloroplasts?
The direction that DNA and RNA are synthesized in.
What is 5'-to-3'?
An animal cell in this type of solution will lyse, and a plant cell will become turgid.
What is a hypotonic solution?
This enzyme forms the "energy currency" of the cell and is powered by chemiosmosis.
What is ATP synthase?
This mechanism detects a deviation from a set point and signals its effectors to work to return to the set point.
What is a negative feedback loop?
During meiosis 1, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information via this.
What is recombination/crossing over?
A lipid made of 4 6-carbon sugars.
What is a steriod?
Internal vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and secrete large macromolecules out of the cell.
What is exocytosis?
In this process, the inhibitor binds at an allosteric site separate from the enzyme's active substrate binding site.
What is noncompetitive inhibition?
Programmed cell death occurs when a cell is damaged or in early development as the embryo forms.
What is apoptosis?
The failure of chromosomes to separate, resulting in gametes with monosomy or trisomy.
What is nondisjuction?
The two secondary structures that can be formed by an amino acid chain.
What are alpha helices and beta sheets?
Stored in a lysosome, these are important for intracellular digestion.
What are hydrolytic enzymes?
The final electron acceptor in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
What is NADP+?
This kinase variety helps to control the cell cycle.
What are cyclin-dependent kinases/CDKs?
The pattern of inheritance associated with red-green color blindness and hemophilia.
What is X-linked recessive?