Water and Its properties
Water molecules stick to each other due to this type of bond
What is a hydrogen bond?
These are the 4 major biological macromolecules
What are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids?
The process of building polymers from monomers
What is dehydration synthesis?
This macromolecules functions as enzymes and hormones
What are proteins?
This property allows molecules like phospholipids to interact with water and fats
What is amphipathic?
This property allows water to move upward through plant vessels
What is capillary action?
This macromolecule provides long-term energy storage and insulation
What are lipids?
The reverse process of breaking polymers into monomers
What is hydrolysis?
The sequence of amino acids is known as this level of structure
What is primary structure
Lipids are made of these 2 building blocks
What are glycerol and fatty acids?
Waters high heat capacity helps organisms do this
What is thermoregulation (regulate internal temperature)?
Proteins are made of these monomers
What are amino acids?
This bond forms between amino acids during dehydration synthesis
What is a peptide bond?
DNA contains these four nitrogenous bases
What are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine?
This structural feature gives DNA its double helix shape
What is complementary base pairing?
The sticking of water molecules to other substances is called this
What is adhesion?
DNA and RNA are types of these macromolecules
What are nucleic acid?
What is dehydration synthesis (condensation) reaction?
The sugar in DNA is called this
What is deoxyribose?
The 5' and 3' ends of DNA refer to these carbon positions in this molecule
What is the sugar (deoxyribose)?
Water is called the universal solvent because of this chemical trait
What is polarity?
The specific function of a macromolecule depends on this
What is its structure?
Enzymes speed up these by lowering activation energy
What are biochemical reactions?
RNA differs from DNA in this base
Wat is uracil replaces thymine?
This level of protein structure is held together by R group interactions
What is tertiary structure?