Chemistry of Life
Cells
Energetics
Communication & Cycle
Ms. C
100
Did the medication work more effectively in the "Data A" group versus the "Data B" group?
No, the error bars overlap, so there is statistically no difference (they have the same effect)
100
How would CO2 enter and exit the cell?
Passive transport - Diffusion through the membrane
100
What is the goal of photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and fermentation?
Photosynthesis - Make glucose
Cellular Respiration - Make ATP (energy)
Fermentation - Make ATP without oxygen available
100
What are the names of the stages of the cell cycle (in order)?
G1, S, G2, M
Bonus: G0 (resting phase)
100
What instrument did Ms. C play?
Trumpet
200
What are the 2 things that eukaryotes have and prokaryotes do not?
1 - nucleus containing DNA
2 - Membrane-bound organelles
200
Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes?
Lysosomes (Think hydrolysis - breaking down molecules)
200
What is the role of water in photosynthesis?
Water splitting replaces the electrons in PSII, and H+ ions for the proton gradient. (Oxygen from H2O will be released)
200
You walk outside in the winter with no jacket. You begin to shiver. Describe the stimulus, receptor, effector, and response.
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP
Stimulus: walking in the cold
Receptor: Temperature receptors on skin
Effector: Muscle cells contracting
Response: Shivering
200
What high school did Ms. C go to?
a. Speedway b. Brownsburg c. Harrison d. Lebanon
Harrison
300
What does it mean that water has a "high specific heat capacity"
It takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of water
300
Describe an ideal surface area to volume ratio for a cell. How do organelles assist in the efficiency of cells?
High surface area to volume ratio. Organelles compartmentalize the cell. Many chemical reactions can occur at the same time without interfering.
300
What is the role of NADPH, NADH, and FADH2?
Electron carriers. NADPH in photosynthesis and FADH2/NADH in cellular respiration
300
What do growth factors typically signal for?
Cell division (mitosis)
300
What does Ms. C's fiance do for work?
Science! Develops new formulations for herbicides. 
400
Describe each level of protein structure
Primary - chain of amino acids
Secondary - Beta pleated sheet or alpha helix
Tertiary - 3D folding based
Quaternary - 2 or more polypeptides
400
Describe the solute in a solution compared to the cell for isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic solutions. What happens to the cell in each of these?
Isotonic - same amount of solute in and out of cell (cell stays same size)
Hypotonic - low amount of solute outside of the cell (cell swells)
Hypertonic - high amount of solute outside of the cell (cell shrinks)
400
What are the 3 phases of the Calvin Cycle? (what happens?)
Carbon Fixation - CO2 attaches to RuBP. Rubisco catalyzes the reaction. Creates 3-PGA
Reduction - ATP and NADPH change 3-PGA into G3P (sugar)
Regeneration of RuBP - 5 G3P molecules are used to regenerate RuBP using 3 ATP
400
Explain the steps of a signal transduction pathway
1. Reception - signal binds to receptor
2. Transduction - secondary messengers and protein cascades relay the message. Kinase phosphorylates proteins to activate them
3 - Response - Cellular process is changed (transcription, cell division, apoptosis, etc.)
400
Ms. C's first job was KFC. How much do you think she got paid an hour?
a. $7.50 b. $8.25 c. $7.05 d. $9.75
$7.50