Chemistry of Life
Property of carbon that gives it the ability to make many large molecules
What is it can make four bonds?
Organelle that is the site of both DNA replication and mRNA transcription
What is the nucleus?
A protein catalyst that has a function determined by it's shape
What is an enzyme?
This process results in the production of two identical diploid cells.
What is mitosis?
A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
What is a species?
Bonds involved in tertiary structure of a protein (name two)
What are hydrogen, ionic, hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bridges?
Components of a plasma membrane that allow it to regulate what enters and exits the cell
What are phospholipids that have a polar head and nonpolar tail?
The products of the light reaction.
What are ATP and NADPH (energy molecules)?
Programmed cell death.
What is apoptosis?
An organism that has very few characteristics with the other species in a cladogram
What is an outgroup?
Components of a nucleic acid
What are sugars, phosphates and bases?
Environment with a high concentration of solutes and a low concentration of water that causes water to leave a cell
What is a hypertonic environment?
The products of the light independent reactions in photosynthesis
What is a sugar (a 3 carbon sugar/G3P?
The last step of a signal transduction pathway
What is response (nuclear or cytoplasmic)?
Living factors within the environment.
What are biotic factors?
Another term for a molecule that is hydrophillic
What is a polar molecule?
Cells that contain cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes and DNA only
What are prokaryotic cells?
In the absence of oxygen, this process takes place after glycolysis.
What is fermentation?
A signal that binds to a receptor molecule and can activate a transduction pathway
What is a ligand (hormone/neurotransmitter)
The fitness of an organism is determined by
What is the ability to survive and reproduce?
The property of water that allows two polar molecules to be attracted to each other.
What is cohesion?
Organelles that have internal membranes that enable an ETC to function
What are chloroplasts and mitochondria?
Function of the H+ ion gradient in cellular respiration
Powers ATP synthase to phosphorylate ADP to ATP?
Phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated
What is synthesis?
What is a limiting factor (or they reach carrying capacity)?