Cell Parts and Their Functions
This organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell."
Mitochondria
The movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
Enzymes act as these, speeding up chemical reactions.
Catalysts
This is the first step of cellular respiration, occurring in the cytoplasm.
Glycolysis
The pigment responsible for capturing light energy in plants.
Chlorophyll
This organelle is responsible for protein synthesis.
Ribosome
This type of transport requires energy in the form of ATP.
Active transport
The specific location on an enzyme where substrates bind.
Active site
The high-energy molecule that acts as cellular energy currency.
ATP
The location within the chloroplast where the light-dependent reactions occur.
Thylakoid membrane
The control center of the cell, containing DNA.
Nucleus
The process of water moving across a membrane.
The term for when an enzyme loses its shape and function due to high temperature or pH change.
Denaturation
This process produces ATP in the absence of oxygen.
Fermentation
The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis are also called this cycle.
Calvin Cycle
The semi-fluid substance inside the cell that holds organelles.
Cytoplasm
This describes the cell membrane's ability to allow some molecules to pass while blocking others.
Selective permeability
The molecule that binds to the active site of an enzyme.
Substrate
This organelle is the primary site of aerobic cellular respiration.
Mitochondrion
The gas taken in by plants during photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide
This organelle processes and packages proteins and lipids.
Golgi Apparatus
These protein channels facilitate the rapid transport of water molecules across a cell membrane.
Aquaporins
Enzymes lower this to speed up chemical reactions.
Activation energy
The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
Oxygen
The main product of photosynthesis used by plants for energy.
Glucose