Population Genetics
The percentage of a specific allele in a population.
What is allele frequency?
A population that meets Hardy-Weinberg conditions is doing this.
What is not evolving?
Random changes in allele frequency due to chance.
What is genetic drift?
The only evolutionary mechanism that consistently leads to adaptation.
What is natural selection?
Movement of alleles between populations.
What is gene flow?
All genes and their alleles in a population.
What is the gene pool?
The equation used to calculate genotype frequencies.
What is p² + 2pq + q² = 1?
This effect occurs after a sudden population reduction.
What is the bottleneck effect?
Selection that favors one extreme phenotype.
What is directional selection?
Random changes in DNA sequence.
What is mutation?
Evolution is defined as this at the population level.
What is a change in allele frequencies?
One Hardy-Weinberg condition involving population size.
What is a large population?
This occurs when a few individuals start a new population.
What is the founder effect?
Selection that favors intermediate phenotypes.
What is stabilizing selection?
Nonrandom mating based on mate choice.
What is sexual selection?
This introduces new alleles into a population.
What is mutation?
Violating this condition leads to sexual selection.
What is random mating?
Genetic drift has a greater effect in populations that are this.
What are small populations?
Selection that favors both extreme phenotypes.
What is disruptive selection?
This force reduces differences between populations.
What is gene flow?
This increases genetic variation between populations.
What is genetic drift?
If p = 0.7, this is the frequency of q.
What is 0.3?
Genetic drift tends to reduce this over time.
What is genetic variation?
This form of selection is based on mating success.
What is sexual selection?
This force increases adaptation to the environment.
What is natural selection?